Congenital cardiac conduction

Introduction A heart block is called when a part of the heart is unable to conduct normally. The immune system uses antibodies to attack foreign or unfamiliar proteins and cells. However, in contrast, autoimmune antibodies attack the body's own cells, and this cycle of pregnant women with such autoimmune diseases can affect the placenta and cause congenital heart conduction blockage in the fetus. Therefore, when there are chest tightness, palpitations, chest pain and other symptoms, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time to prevent the disease from worsening and affect the prognosis.

Cause

Previously, researchers have known that autoantibodies are a cause of congenital heart conduction blockade, but the mechanisms are still unclear. The new study shows that these antibodies bind to heart cells and interfere with the timely fluctuations in calcium (related to cardiac cell contraction), thus causing the accumulation of calcium ions and causing cell death.

an examination

Related inspection

Dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter monitoring) cardiac output (CO)

The most sensitive and normal test for heart block is a routine electrocardiogram. Characteristics of electrocardiogram: 1 atrial (P) and ventricular (QRS) are each excited, irrelevant, and complete atrioventricular separation. The PR interval is not fixed, and the atrial rate is faster than the ventricular rate. 2 atrial rhythm can be sinus rhythm, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation. 3 ventricular rhythm can be atrioventricular transfer escape rhythm (QRS wave normal), ventricular rate of 40 ~ 60 times / min or ventricular escape rhythm (QRS wide deformity), ventricular rate of 20 ~ 40 times / min. The ventricular rhythm is generally ruled and irregular.

Common typical congenital heart disease, through the symptoms, signs, electrocardiogram, X-ray and echocardiography can make a diagnosis, and can estimate its hemodynamic changes, extent and extent of the disease, to determine the treatment plan. For the combination of other malformations and complex congenital heart disease, combined with cardiac catheterization or cardiovascular angiography, to understand the extent, type and extent of abnormal lesions, comprehensive analysis, and make a clear diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of congenital heart conduction:

(1) patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect: in the early stage of the disease, because the arterial blood is divided into veins, it belongs to the left-to-right shunt type, so there is no purpura; but in the advanced stage, the pressure on the left side of the heart exceeds On the right side, there is a purple cicada.

(2) Fallot's quadruple syndrome, transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary valve atresia: Since some or all of the venous blood is directly divided into the arteries, it belongs to the right-to-left shunt type, so there is purpura after birth.

(3) Pulmonary artery stenosis, aortic stenosis, and aortic coarctation: Despite the presence of a cardiac malformation, there is no abnormal passage between the left and right sides, which is a non-split type. Therefore, purpura does not occur for life.

The most sensitive and normal examination method for heart block is to perform routine electrocardiogram examination, so when there are symptoms such as chest tightness, palpitations, chest pain, etc., you should go to the hospital for treatment.

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