Decreased muscle tone

Introduction Reduced muscle tone refers to a decrease in the strength of muscle cells pulling each other, making muscles unable to move normally. The tension in the state of static relaxation of the muscle is called muscle tension. Muscle tone is the basis for maintaining various postures and normal movements of the body and is manifested in various forms. Reduced muscle tone can seriously affect people's lives.

Cause

Can be divided into two categories of primary and symptomatic.

(1) Primary muscle tension reduction is most commonly caused by genetic factors. It may be due to genetic factors leading to dysfunction of tyrosine hydroxylase or biopterin in the nigrostriatal pathway.

(2) Symptomatic muscle tone reduction: metabolic disorders, degeneration, inflammation, tumors, etc. can cause symptomatic muscle tone abnormalities. There are only a few neuropathological studies in this disease, and there is no firm conclusion.

an examination

Related inspection

Muscle tone test

Muscle weakness, can not drive the corresponding joint movement. Muscles are not able to move normally, and joint movements affected by muscles are impeded.

Differential diagnosis

Reduced muscle tone: Low muscle tone refers to a decrease in muscle impedance, often accompanied by excessive joint extension and reduced tendon reflexes.

Systemic dystonia: Systemic dystonia (deformed dystonia, formerly known as tonic sputum) is a rare progressive syndrome characterized by torsional involuntary movements that cause persistent, often bizarre Posture. Symptoms usually begin to appear in childhood. It is characterized by the inversion of the foot during walking and fixation in the flexion position. Systemic dystonia is often hereditary. The main genetic pattern is autosomal dominant with partial penetrance. In the family of a priori patients, some members who appear to be untreated are often cases of this disease. . In several families, the causative gene appears to be located on chromosome 9q. The pathological and anatomical basis of this disease is unknown. The most severe form of the disease shows an unacceptable steady progression of aggravated disease, and cases with very severe symptoms may often be in a peculiar, fixed posture formed by systemic torsion. Spiritual and thinking functions usually remain normal.

Hemidystonia: refers to the muscles involved in the ipsilateral upper and lower limbs, mostly caused by secondary causes. Blood electrolytes, drugs, trace elements and biochemical tests help to diagnose and classify the cause. 1. CT or MRI examination is meaningful for differential diagnosis. 2. Positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission tomography (SPECT) can show some biochemical metabolism in the brain, which is meaningful for diagnosis. 3. Genetic analysis is important for the diagnosis of certain hereditary dystonia.

Segmental dystonia: characterized by segmental distribution, such as cranial-neck dystonia, upper or lower limbs with or without the central axis, dystonia of the head and neck, lower limbs with or without trunk dystonia, trunk - The neck (does not affect the head and face) dystonia and so on. Segmental dystonia is a type of dystonia syndrome.

Localized dystonia: dystonic syndrome is called dystonia, which is an inconsistency or excessive contraction of active muscles and antagonistic muscle contractions, which leads to the synthesis of dyskinesia characterized by abnormal muscle movements and postures. The sign is characterized by involuntaryness and continuity. Although it is called dystonia syndrome, the changes in muscle tone are not noticeable, but the abnormal posture posture and involuntary transformation action are noticeable. Dystonia can affect the normal range of motion, extent, speed, and muscle stiffness of the affected limb.

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