Superficial scar

Introduction Superficial scars are found in skin abrasions, superficial epithelial infections, superficial second degree burns, and areas of donor healing of cut-thickness skin flaps, mostly due to abrasions and superficial burns of the dermis, which refer to the skin. A scar on the superficial layer that has a slightly different appearance from normal skin and is formed by skin infection. The scar looks slightly rough, sometimes with pigmentation or pigment loss, but is locally soft and has no dysfunction. Generally do not do special treatment. Clinically more common. Superficial scars are generally dysfunctional and the scar will gradually become less pronounced over time. Therefore superficial scars are a lighter type of scar.

Cause

Superficial scars are caused by abrasions and superficial burns of the dermis. Scar is an inevitable outcome of the process of human wound repair. In a broad sense, there is no wound healing without scars. The main component of scar tissue is fibrin. The production and deposition of scar tissue collagen increases the strength of the wound and is generally beneficial. If scar tissue is not formed adequately, the damaged tissue does not get normal tension, which can cause many complications.

an examination

Related inspection

Skin elasticity check physical examination of skin diseases

The scar looks slightly rough, sometimes with pigmentation or pigment loss, but is locally soft and has no dysfunction. Generally do not do special treatment. Clinically, it is common in skin abrasions, superficial episodes of epidermis, superficial second degree burns, and the site of the healing area of the donor site. Superficial scars are generally dysfunctional and the scar will gradually become less pronounced over time. Therefore, superficial scars are a kind of scars that are more desirable.

Scar is an inevitable outcome of the process of human wound repair. In a broad sense, there is no wound healing without scars. The main component of scar tissue is fibrin. The production and deposition of scar tissue collagen increases the strength of the wound and is generally beneficial. If the scar tissue is not formed enough, the damaged tissue can not get normal tension, which can cause many complications, such as scarring of the abdominal wall incision healing, and the scar can be re-cracked or the abdominal content under the action of intra-abdominal pressure. The material gradually bulges outward to form an abdominal wall.

Conversely, if the scar is over formed, the old can cause serious physical or functional problems. The hazard of scar depends on its nature and characteristics, as well as the secondary fixation of deep tissue. Thus scars are always an imperfect replacement relative to pre-injury tissue. From a mechanical point of view, its resistance is weakened; from a nutritional point of view, it causes obstacles to the exchange of oxygen and nutrients; from a functional point of view, the deformity and dysfunction of damaged tissue are aesthetically pleasing, resulting in a shape The destruction.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of superficial scars:

(1) Scars: The scars are wrinkled and shaped like duck plague. Such scars are most common in burns, occasionally in the cutting tears of the skin and improper placement of surgical incisions. Large blemishes often occur in the anterior neck, axillary fossa, elbow fossa and perineum. Small ones are common in internal and external spasm, nasolabial folds, mouth, nostrils, palmar side, finger sputum, tiger's mouth, urethral opening, vaginal opening and other parts.

(2) hypertrophic scar: also known as hypertrophic scar, more common in deep second and shallow third degree burns and thick medium thick skin donor site wound healing. It is thick (up to 1-2 cm) and hard, red or dark purple, painful and itchy, often affecting work and rest. About 6 months later, the scar became softer and slightly flatter, the congestion decreased, the capillaries decreased, and the symptoms of itching gradually diminished or disappeared.

(3) atrophic scar: also known as unstable scar, common in the head skull electric shock, after extensive burns and chronic ulcer healing. The scar is hard, the local blood vessels are less, it is reddish or white, the deep tissue is tightly adhered, and it cannot withstand friction and weight. After rupture, it often lasts for a long time, and the late stage can cause malignant changes.

(4) contracture scar: more common in deep burn wounds without skin grafting and let them self-healing, often severely disrupting functions, such as valgus valgus, lip valgus, chest adhesions, flexion contracture deformity of each joint. Long-term scar contracture can affect the development of muscles, tendons, and nerves, causing joint stiffness, dislocation, and deformity.

(5) keloid: also known as the crab foot swelling, a mass formed by connective tissue. More common in burns, injuries or minor injuries that do not cause the patient's attention. The edge of the scar is significantly higher than the skin, and exceeds the original lesion range, pink or purple, very hard, inelastic, poor blood supply. Keloids are particularly good in the upper part of the body. The head, neck, and sternum are in the middle, shoulders, and upper arms, and the eyelids, areola, and penis are rare.

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