Hypertrophy of mucous glands

Introduction Airway reaction caused by bronchial inflammation, hypertrophy of mucous gland edema. Bronchitis, referred to as chronic bronchitis, is a common and frequently-occurring disease that seriously endangers people's health, especially in the elderly. Up to 15% of those over 50 years old. Chronic bronchitis refers to chronic non-specific inflammation of the trachea, bronchial mucosa and surrounding tissues, with peak incidence in autumn and winter. Chronic bronchitis is caused by a variety of causes. Clinically, long-term cough, expectoration, and wheezing are the main symptoms. It is often repeated during the cold season and when the climate changes dramatically. If the disease is delayed, it can be complicated by emphysema and even pulmonary heart disease.

Cause

Bronchial inflammation.

The etiology of chronic bronchitis has not yet been fully understood. According to domestic and international investigations and studies, it is the result of long-term interaction of various factors. The infection caused by viruses and bacteria is an important factor in the secondary infection of chronic bronchitis and the development of pathological changes. Dust, air pollution, irritating smog, and chronic stimulation of long-term smoking are one of the main causes. The climate is cold and allergic factors are also morbid. Incentives. The body's resistance is weakened, and the local defense function of the respiratory tract is reduced, which is the internal cause of chronic bronchitis.

The incidence of chronic bronchitis is slow, the course of disease is longer, and the recurrent episodes gradually worsen. The main symptoms are cough, cough, wheezing or shortness of breath, especially in the morning or at night, and the amount of sputum increases. When complicated with emphysema, in addition to symptoms such as cough, phlegm, and asthma, dyspnea gradually occurs. At first, it was only a short-sightedness at work, and as the disease progressed, it was also short-lived when resting. In order to prolong the remission period, reduce recurrence, and prevent further development of the disease, patients and family members should pay attention to prevention and care.

an examination

Related inspection

Blood routine fiber bronchoscopy bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy can be diagnosed.

Differential diagnosis

Airway reactions caused by various causes should be identified.

(1) Bronchial asthma: Wheezing chronic bronchitis should be differentiated from bronchial asthma. Asthma often occurs suddenly in childhood or youth, and generally has no history of chronic cough and cough, characterized by paroxysmal asthma. Both lungs are full of wheezing during the attack, and can be asymptomatic after remission. There is often a history of personal or family allergic diseases. Wheezing chronic bronchitis is more common in middle and old age. Cough, cough accompanied by wheezing and wheezing are the main clinical manifestations. Symptoms can be relieved after infection control, but wheezing can be heard in the lungs. Typical cases are not difficult to distinguish, but it is difficult to distinguish between asthma with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.

(2) Bronchiectasis: It has the characteristics of recurrent episodes of cough and cough. There are a lot of purulent sputum in the case of infection, or there are multiple and less hemoptysis history. The lungs are mainly in the wet mouth, mostly on one side and fixed in the lower lung. There may be a clubbing (toe). X-ray examination of the common lower lung texture is rough or curled. Bronchography or CT examination can be identified.

(3) tuberculosis: tuberculosis patients often have symptoms of tuberculosis or local symptoms (such as fever, fatigue, night sweats, weight loss, hemoptysis, etc.). The diagnosis can be confirmed by X-ray examination and sputum tuberculosis examination.

(4) Lung cancer: patients are often over 40 years old, especially with a history of smoking for many years, irritating cough, frequent recurrent or persistent blood stasis, or changes in the nature of chronic cough. X-ray examination can be found with blocky shadows or nodular shadows, or obstructive pneumonia, treated with antibiotics, failed to completely dissipate, should consider the possibility of lung cancer. Examination of exfoliated cells and transbronchial biopsy can generally confirm the diagnosis.

(5) Silicosis and other pneumoconiosis: a history of exposure to dust and occupational diseases. X-ray examination showed sputum nodules, enlarged hilar shadows, and increased lung texture.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.