Staring sign

Introduction Thyroid-related eye diseases are classified into grades 0-6: grade 0: no signs, asymptomatic; grade 1: only signs (capillary regression, gaze sign); grade 2: soft tissue involvement; grade 3: eyeballs; grade 4: eyes External muscle involvement; grade 5: corneal involvement; grade 6: visual loss of hyperthyroidism symptoms may also have cleft palate broadening and gaze signs.

Cause

Excessive sympathetic stimulation of the eye part leads to retraction of the upper eyelid and local inflammatory infiltration of the eye, conjunctival, orbital tissue congestion and swelling. There are certain alternation and periodic characteristics of gaze, and there is a certain relationship between the central nervous system damage of the lateral margin. Specifically, the neurological patients are slowly moving due to certain abnormalities, and the myocardial enzyme spectrum and hepatic encephalopathy are examined. Prion and so on.

an examination

Related inspection

Serum thyroxine thyroid imaging

(1) Eyelid changes: eyelid retraction and incomplete closure, eyelids are delayed, and eyelids are swollen.

(2) Conjunctival congestion and edema.

(3) Lesions of the extraocular muscles: typical muscle spindle hypertrophy in the early and middle stages, causing dyskinesia and diplopia, and advanced muscle fibrosis leading to fixed strabismus.

(4) Optic nerve damage leads to decreased vision, check the B-ultrasound of the eye to see if there is blood pressure or blood pressure, abnormal arterial vein in the eye.

Differential diagnosis

The course of TAO has gone through two stages: early stage is active, mainly manifested by ocular lymphocyte infiltration, edema and activation of fibroblasts; late stage is inactive, mainly characterized by fibrosis and fat deposition [3]. Because each TAO patient has different time and degree in the pathogenesis process, that is, the lesion is in the active or inactive phase, the severity and location of the eye tissue involvement are different, so the symptoms and signs appearing in each patient are not exactly the same. For example, some patients have severe eyeballs without periorbital swelling and extraocular muscle dysfunction; others have very slight eyeball protrusions, but there may be obvious periorbital soft tissue swelling, photophobia, tearing, eye pain, etc. Even some patients begin to have double vision without obvious eyeballs or periorbital pain.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.