Urine sugar

Introduction Urine sugar refers to sugar in the urine, mainly refers to glucose in the urine. Normal people have very little urine sugar, and the general method can't measure it, so normal people should have negative urine sugar, or there should be no sugar in the urine. In normal people, only when the blood sugar exceeds 160-180 mg/dl, the sugar can be excreted more from the urine to form urine sugar. Normally, when blood flows through the kidneys, glucose is filtered through the glomerulus into the renal tubules. Most of the glucose in the renal tubules is reabsorbed by human blood. There is only a trace amount of glucose in the urine, which is only discharged daily. Glucose 32 ~ 93 mg, can not be detected by ordinary methods, can be said to be sugar-free. However, there is a limit to the reabsorption of glucose by the renal tubule. When the blood 90 exceeds a certain value, the glucose in the glomerular filtrate cannot be completely reabsorbed by the renal tubules, and the remainder is excreted in the urine to form urine sugar. Excreted sugar exceeds 150 mg. The higher the blood sugar, the more urine sugar, and the lowest blood sugar level that can occur in diabetes is the kidney sugar mass. If the blood sugar is higher than this value, diabetes will appear. Below this value, there will be no diabetes.

Cause

Normally, when blood flows through the kidneys, glucose is filtered through the glomerulus into the renal tubules. Most of the glucose in the renal tubules is reabsorbed by human blood. There is only a trace amount of glucose in the urine, which is only discharged daily. Glucose 32 ~ 93 mg, can not be detected by ordinary methods, can be said to be sugar-free. However, there is a limit to the reabsorption of glucose by the renal tubule. When the blood 90 exceeds a certain value, the glucose in the glomerular filtrate cannot be completely reabsorbed by the renal tubules, and the remainder is excreted in the urine to form urine sugar. Excreted sugar exceeds 150 mg. The higher the blood sugar, the more urine sugar, and the lowest blood sugar level that can occur in diabetes is the kidney sugar mass. If the blood sugar is higher than this value, diabetes will appear. Below this value, there will be no diabetes. The renal sugar threshold of a normal person is 8.9 to 10 mmol/liter (160 to 180 mg/dl).

an examination

Related inspection

Urine sugar (GLU) blood sugar

Benedict's urinary sugar qualitative test method: Pipette 2.5ml of blue zebra drug solution with a dropper, place it in a glass test tube, and boil it on an alcohol lamp. If it does not change color (represents that the background is free of sugar or other reducing substances). Then, use another dropper to absorb the patient's urine mark, add 4 drops to the test tube, gently shake and mix, continue to boil directly on the flame for 2 minutes, shake the test tube with the cook to prevent splashing. Observe the color of the liquid in the test tube after cooking.

Urine sugar test paper method: At present, there are many kinds of urine sugar test papers sold in China, and the measurement methods are similar.

Differential diagnosis

The name of diabetes is due to the discovery of urine sugar. At present, diabetes has become a recognized disease name, but the connotation has changed a lot. People no longer simply understand diabetes as sugar in the urine. In fact, healthy people also occasionally see urine sugar in the urine. Diabetes is diagnosed on the basis of blood sugar.

Some of the symptoms of the disease are also "due to thirst," such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes insipidus. Therefore, diabetes does not specifically refer to diabetes. The Tang Dynasty doctor Yan Liyan called the diabetes disease "diabetes disease", and its main basis is "urine sweetness", which is now called "urine sugar." However, it is rare to observe whether the urine is sweet or not, and it does not make much sense for treatment.

The cause of urine sugar positivity is mainly diabetes, and urine sugar test does not bring pain, so checking urine sugar is the easiest method. However, urine sugar is not blood sugar after all. In many cases, urine sugar does not reflect blood sugar levels well. For example, some diabetic patients may have negative urine sugar when blood sugar is already high. In this case, only urine sugar is used to find out. Diabetes will miss the diagnosis.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.