Lacrimal gland cyst

Introduction Lacrimal gland cysts are rare, usually seen after inflammation or trauma. The cause of chronic inflammation affects the muscular nerves of the lacrimal duct, which reduces the contractile force of the lacrimal duct. The inflammatory infiltration around the duct makes the wall weak, and the inflammatory stimulus promotes tears. Increased secretion causes the gland to passively expand to form a cyst.

Cause

The lacrimal gland is composed of a thin tubular gland and a duct, which is the organ that secretes tears. The lacrimal gland is located in the lacrimal gland outside the eyelid and is divided into upper and lower parts: the upper part is the crotch, also called the lacrimal gland, which is larger, the shape is very similar to almond, about 12mm×20mm, and the lower part is the crotch, also called the lacrimal gland. small. There are 10-12 drainage tubes in the lacrimal gland, and the tears are discharged from these drainage tubes. Lacrimal gland cysts are rare, usually seen after inflammation or trauma. The cause of chronic inflammation affects the muscular nerves of the lacrimal duct, which reduces the contractile force of the lacrimal duct. The inflammatory infiltration around the duct makes the wall weak, and the inflammatory stimulus promotes tears. Increased secretion causes the gland to passively expand to form a cyst.

an examination

Related inspection

Gathering test for squeezing lacrimal sac test

1. Blood test: In the acute phase, routine blood tests can be performed to determine the nature and extent of the infection.

2. Histopathological examination: feasible lacrimal gland tissue biopsy, according to different histopathological findings can determine the type of inflammation of the lacrimal gland.

3. B-ultrasound: The abnormal echo of apricot nucleus in the lacrimal gland, the boundary is clear, and the sound-transparent fissure is visible between the eyeball and the enlarged lacrimal gland, and the compressibility is not obvious. It shows that the lacrimal gland enlarges into a petal-like structure, the boundary is not neat, and the inner echo is uneven. At the same time, it can show ocular fascia edema. A super shows high intra-reflection in the lesion.

4. CT: transverse axis and coronary CT showed a flattened lacrimal gland, prominent gingival margin, adjacent to extraocular muscle thickening. Sometimes the eye ring can be thickened. Bilateral onset clinical is not uncommon, some combined with sinus inflammation.

5. MRI: MRI showed that the lacrimal gland on the lateral side of the eye was swollen and surrounded by the eyeball. Both T1WI and T2WI showed a medium signal and enhanced significantly. Since the lesion is adjacent to the eyelid skin, enhanced MRI can show an increase in surrounding soft tissue signals.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of lacrimal cysts:

1. Lacrimal gland enlargement: The lacrimal gland is flat or almond-shaped.

2, eyelid abscess: caused by staphylococcal infection, mostly due to traumatic infection or followed by orbital periostitis and osteomyelitis. The eyelids are markedly red and swollen, and there is an induration in the touch, followed by induration and softening, forming an abscess as a clinical feature. It belongs to the category of traditional Chinese medicine eyelids, which is caused by the invasion of wind, heat and fire.

3, papillary edema: papilledema, also known as congestion nipples. It is a passive congestive edema with no primary inflammation of the optic nerve head. Under the ophthalmoscope, the nipple is congested, bulged and blurred. Optic papilledema is not a truly independent disease, but a common sign that causes a balance of pressure imbalances on both sides of the screen. Often caused by intracranial, intraocular, intraorbital, and certain systemic diseases.

4, scleral edema: scleral edema is common in scleritis. The sclera is a tissue composed of a small amount of cells and blood vessels, mostly composed of collagen. The surface is covered by the bulbar conjunctiva and the fascia, and it is not in direct contact with the external environment, so it is rarely sick. According to the statistics of most scholars, the incidence rate is only about 0.5% of the total number of patients with eye diseases. Due to the collagen nature of the basic components of the sclera, it is determined that the pathological process is slow and the resulting collagen disorder is difficult to repair. The eyeball is the "window" of collagen, so scleritis is often an ocular manifestation of systemic connective tissue disease.

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