Symptom >> Otorhinolaryngology >> Stomatology

Oral mucosal fibrosis

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction Oral mucosal fibrosis is a collagen-deficient disease that attacks the submucosal layer and often severely restricts mouth movement. It should be related to factors such as malnutrition. And the effects of diseases of the immune system.

Cause

Cause

Possible cause

(1) Undernutrition G In Malaysia, 77% of OSF diseases were found to have vitamin B-comples and iron deficiency. However, although there are above-mentioned nutrient deficiencies in Western countries, there is no OSF. Therefore, it may be because OSF patients suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to the gradual decrease in mouth opening, eating a burning sensation, and difficulty swallowing.

(2) Curry: Because Indians often eat spicy food, some scholars believe that curry may be the cause. But residents in Mexico and the West America have similar amounts of curry, even more than Indians, but no OSF.

(3) Chewing betel nut: According to a research report on India's ten years, there is no OSF without chewing betel nut, and among those who chew betel nut, 35 per 100,000 people suffer from OSF every year. Arecoline is the extract of betel nut, which stimulates the synthesis of collagen, increases the amount of collagen, and causes OSF.

(4) Clove oil: Clove oil is one of the main components in betel nut. If the amount is higher than 3 millimoles per liter, it will cause cytotoxicity to the fibroblasts of the oral mucosa, thereby increasing the damage of the tissue. Eventually, the formation of scars is increased.

(5) Immunity: Some scholars believe that autoimmune is the cause of OSF: because (1) the incidence of OSF occurs more in women (in India) (2) the age of occurrence (3) the incidence of autoantibodies (4) Infiltration of lymphocytes in the lesions (5) The human leukocyte antigens H-A10 and DR-3 in OSF patients have increased. However, it is also possible that the immune system is caused by the chronic tissue damage caused by OSF.

In combination with the above-mentioned causes of OSF, chewing betel nut is the main cause of disease.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Bacterial morphological examination method bacterial infection immunoassay

Clinical symptoms

Occurred between the ages of 20 and 40, often occurs in the posterior occipital region and buccal mucosa. Symptoms: burning sensation when eating, difficulty opening mouth; others may include difficulty eating and slow, increased saliva, affecting normal taste, dry mouth and nasal sounds.

Early clinical features include pale oral mucosa, localized spread, and bud-like mesh. Later, the oral mucosa became hard and the mouth opening was reduced. The uvula is reduced by fibrosis and is bud-like. Therefore, when it is stimulated by touch, there is no vomiting feeling and it is not easy to snoring.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of oral mucosal fibrosis:

1. Oral mucosal ulcer: Oral ulcer, also known as "mouth sore", is a superficial ulcer that occurs on the oral mucosa. It can range in size from rice to soybean, round or oval, and the ulcer surface is a cavity ulcer. Congestive around, can cause pain due to irritating food, usually one to two weeks can heal itself.

2, oral mucosal shedding: oral mucosal shedding is a general term for all diseases that occur or are reflected in the oral mucosa. Common oral mucosal detachment diseases include acute allergic cheilitis, drug-induced mouth, radiation stomatitis and erythema multiforme. Common symptoms of oral mucosal shedding are extensive erosion of the mouth, including buccal, tongue, sputum, gums, mouth, tongue, throat, small tongue, upper and lower lips.

3, oral mucosa shaped like a milk block of the plaque: is a clinical manifestation of neonatal thrush. Neonatal thrush is caused by infection of Candida albicans (mold) in the oral mucosa. There are milky white spots on the mucous membrane or fused into a piece, which is quite like a milk block. The white film is covered on the mucous membrane of the mouth and is not easy to wipe off. At the beginning, it becomes a small piece, gradually merges into a large piece, which looks like milk. The disease is caused by Candida albicans infection. This fungus can sometimes be found in the mouth when the baby is malnourished or debilitated. Newborns are mostly infected by the birth canal, or by the uncleanness of the breastfeeding nipple or the contamination of the fingers of the feeder.

4, hard white plaque on the oral mucosa: plaque leukoplakia: white or grayish white homogeneous hard plaque on the oral mucosa, tight texture, damage shape and area, mild uplift or high and low Not flat. It is worth noting that there is no parallel relationship between the size of the lesion and the likelihood of cancer, and sometimes it is cancerous even if only the size of the rice is large. It is often difficult to distinguish the leukoplakia from the plaque lesions, but the former is harder. It is a clinical manifestation of oral leukoplakia.