Cystoid macular edema

Introduction Macular cystic edema is not an independent disease, but refers to a lesion between the Henle fibers in the outer reticular layer of the macular area. It is one of the important reasons for the loss of vision. It is currently believed that damage to the blood retinal barrier (internal barrier) or pigment epithelial barrier (external barrier) can cause cystoid macular edema. Common in diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, Coats disease, cataract and retinal detachment surgery, retinal vasculitis, choroiditis, subretinal neovascular membrane, choroidal tumor.

Cause

The most common diseases that can cause cystoid edema of the macula are: retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vasculitis, macular retinal anterior membrane, retinal telangiectasia or Coats disease, uveitis, intermediate uveitis , cataract or other internal eye surgery, macular choroidal neovascularization, retinitis pigmentosa, and rare niacin poisoning, youthful retinal palpebral fissure, Goldmann-Favre syndrome and idiopathic macular cystic edema .

an examination

Related inspection

Ophthalmoscopy: Ultrasound examination of the eyeball and eyelids and CT examination of the optical coherence tomography (OCT)

1. Fundus fluorescein angiography: In the early stage of angiography, because the liquid in the cystic edema area blocks the background fluorescence of the choroid, a dark area appears in the edema. In the venous phase, the retinal capillaries in the macular area are dilated, and the fluorescein leakage of the blood vessel wall begins to appear in the capillaries, and the blood vessels become blurred. The fluorescein leakage gradually increases and the strong fluorescence of the macular area is formed.

2. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technique with high resolution for tissue tomographic microstructures. Due to the difference in structure and density of the tissue, the absorption and reflection of light are different. Different colors can be used to represent different tissue structures, and a simulated color fundus tomographic image can be obtained.

Differential diagnosis

1. Central serous chorioretinopathy (referred to as "middle pulp"): more common in young men, the macular part of the serous discoid retinal detachment and / or serous retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) detachment, self-limiting Sexuality has a tendency to relapse.

2. Intraocular tumors: Whether benign or malignant masses, especially choroidal hemangioma often associated with macular degeneration of the retina and cystoid macular edema, the fundus has a subretinal choroidal mass in addition to CME.

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