Ankle clonus

Introduction A pathological reflex, in which the paralyzed patient is supine, the hip joint and the knee joint are slightly flexed, and the patient's lower leg is held, and the distal end of the patient's foot is held, and the ankle joint is flexed and the ankle joint is rhythmic. Generally seen in pyramidal beam damage. Also seen in the central nervous system excitability and neurosis. In severe cases of vitamin B cell deficiency in nutritional megaloblastic anemia, sputum can occur. is an indication of a high degree of sputum reflex, which can occur in any occasion with enhanced tendon reflexes, including when there is no organic disease in the nervous system.

Cause

Unlike the clonic and organic lesions of neurosis and systemic hyperreflexia, the former is usually not constant, and the degree of performance on both sides is generally equal, without organic symptoms. Two asymmetric reflections indicate an organic disease. The reflex arc in the nerve root or spinal cord gray is damaged, or the side reflection is enhanced, indicating cone beam damage.

an examination

Related inspection

Radon reflection test

The patient is supine and the lower extremities are straight. The examiner uses the two fingers of the thumb to clamp the upper edge of the humerus and suddenly pushes down and maintains no relaxation. The quadriceps tendon attached to the upper edge of the humerus is elongated, causing the knee reflex to increase. The muscle contraction, the tendon continues to elongate, and the tibia appears continuous upper and lower rhythmic vibrations.

Differential diagnosis

Myoclonic epilepsy, Lennox syndrome, is an age-related cryptogenic or symptomatic systemic epilepsy syndrome, a type of age-dependent epileptic encephalopathy, also known as small Menor motor seizures Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, small seizure variants, blink-head-falling episodes, myoclonus nostalgia (myoclonoastatischel petit mal).

Systemic rigidity of epilepsy - clonic seizures (secondary generalization): simple partial seizures can develop into complex partial seizures, simple or complex partial seizures can be generalized into generalized tonic-clonic seizures, if the patient wakes up Remember that symptoms are a precursor to a focal episode. Sudden loss of consciousness without a clear description of aura symptoms, highly suggestive of seizures.

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