Ankle and dorsum of foot edema

Introduction Ankle and foot edema are clinical manifestations of lymphedema. Lymphedema is slower onset, and it is more common to swollen the back of the foot. There are many different causes of lymphedema, taking into account the etiology and clinical types, mainly divided into two major categories: primary and secondary. Most of the primary lymphedema is caused by congenital dysplasia such as lymphatic expansion, valvular insufficiency or absence. Secondary lymphedema is mostly caused by blockage of lymphatic vessels. The most common in China is filariasis lymphedema and streptococcal infectious lymphedema. Upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer radical surgery is not uncommon.

Cause

There are many different causes of lymphedema, taking into account the etiology and clinical types, mainly divided into two major categories: primary and secondary. Most of the primary lymphedema is caused by congenital dysplasia such as lymphatic expansion, valvular insufficiency or absence. According to lymphangiography, primary lymphedema can be classified as follows: 1 lymphatic hypoplasia with subcutaneous lymphoid deficiency; 2 lymphatic hypoplasia, small lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels; 3 lymphoid hyperplasia with lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels More, there are times of distortion and varicose. Lymphatic hypoplasia is very rare, common in congenital lymphedema. Development is lower than the most common type. Both simple and atrophic lymphedema are congenital. Early onset lymphedema is more common in adolescent women or young women, and the symptoms are aggravated during menstruation. It is speculated that the cause may be related to endocrine disorders, accounting for 85-90% of primary lymphedema. After the onset of 35 years, it is called delayed onset. Lymphedema. Secondary lymphedema is mostly caused by blockage of lymphatic vessels. The most common in China is filariasis lymphedema and streptococcal infectious lymphedema. Upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer radical surgery is not uncommon.

an examination

Related inspection

CT examination of bone and joint and soft tissue

Differential diagnosis

Pelvic edema of the ankle: edema refers to excessive accumulation of body fluids in the extravascular tissue space, which is one of the common clinical symptoms. Unlike obesity, edema is characterized by a significant depression when the finger presses a small area of the subcutaneous tissue (such as the anterior side of the calf). When there is excessive accumulation of body fluid in the subcutaneous tissue space, the skin is pale, swollen, wrinkles become shallow, the local temperature is low, and the elasticity is poor. Use a finger to press the skin (such as the internal hemorrhoids, anterior or anterior region), if present. The depression is called pitting edema or frank edema. Hard non-recessed edema plaques in the anterior and posterior tibia: The hard non-depressed edema of the anterior and posterior tibia is a diffuse type of mucinous edema before the iliac crest: the anterior and posterior iliac crests are diffuse and hard non-depressed. Axillary plaque anterior acupressure edema: anterior tibial acupressure edema is one of the clinical manifestations of primary deep venous insufficiency of the lower extremity. Primary deep venous insufficiency is by Kistner. (1980) The new category of venous lesions first proposed is mainly due to the free edge elongation, relaxation, and sagging of the valve in the deep vein, so that when the blood flows backward under gravity, the two opposite leaflets cannot be tight in the middle of the lumen. The combination causes a deep venous reflux disease, causing congestion and hypertension in the venous system of the lower extremities, resulting in a series of clinical signs and symptoms.

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