Tympanic membrane congestion

Introduction The tympanic membrane is ruptured due to various ear inflammation or tympanic membrane congestion caused by ear trauma. Caused by mycoplasmal pneumonia, suppurative otitis media, tympanic membrane trauma and other factors. The tympanic membrane appears to be hyperemia, external protrusion, hearing loss, tympanic effusion, and even tympanic membrane rupture. The tympanic membrane, also called the eardrum, is an elastic gray-white translucent membrane that separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear. The tympanic membrane is located between 2.5 cm and 3.5 cm from the external auditory canal. It is located between the external auditory canal and the tympanic cavity. The tympanic membrane has a height of about 9 mm, a width of about 8 mm, an average area of about 90 mm 2 and a thickness of 0.1 mm. The tympanic membrane has an elliptical shape, and its shape is like a funnel, which is obliquely placed in the external auditory canal and is 45-50 with the external auditory canal. The upper wall of the external auditory canal is shorter than the front lower wall. Because the outer ear canal is not developed in infants and young children, the tympanic membrane is almost parallel to the bottom wall of the external auditory canal, so it is difficult to see when examining the tympanic membrane.

Cause

Caused by mycoplasmal pneumonia, suppurative otitis media, tympanic membrane trauma and other factors.

Several common diseases:

Suppurative otitis media: The main symptom is that the ear is first filled with pressure, followed by tingling or drilling pain, and has the feeling of jumping with the pulse. The pain often radiates to the head and teeth. The fever can be as high as 38C or above, the child can reach 40C, the hearing loss is reduced, and the ear leaks purulent secretion. Examination showed that the tympanic membrane was congested, and the tympanic membrane protruded due to the increase of the middle ear pus, causing perforation and pus overflow. When the tympanic membrane was reduced and the secretion was reduced, the edge of the perforated tympanic membrane gradually healed.

Mycoplasma pneumonia: physical examination showed mild nasal congestion, runny nose, and moderate pharyngeal congestion. The eardrum is often congested, and about 15% have tympanitis. The cervical lymph nodes can be swollen. A few cases have maculopapular rash, erythema or cold sore. There are no obvious abnormal signs in the chest, about half of which can be dry or wet rales, and a small amount of pleural effusion occurs in about 10% to 15% of cases.

Tympanic membrane trauma: mild symptoms, mild congestion of the tympanic membrane, rest for hours or 1 to 2 days can be self-healing. The tympanic membrane is congested obviously, and there is a effusion in the tympanic cavity. It is feasible to blow the eustachian tube to make the effusion escape, and at the same time, ultrashort wave treatment is performed to promote the absorption of the effusion.

Aviation otitis media: Conscious symptoms include occlusion in the ear, tinnitus, earache, hearing loss, dizziness, etc. The examination can be seen as different symptoms, such as tympanic membrane congestion, tympanic effusion (thin golden serous secretions) or tympanic blood (bronchial vascular rupture, fresh blood in the tympanic cavity), can also occur in severe cases The tympanic membrane is broken.

an examination

Related inspection

Tympanic membrane hearing test

The tympanic membrane appears to be hyperemia, external protrusion, hearing loss, tympanic effusion, and even tympanic membrane rupture.

Several common diseases:

Suppurative otitis media: The main symptom is that the ear is first filled with pressure, followed by tingling or drilling pain, and has the feeling of jumping with the pulse. The pain often radiates to the head and teeth. The fever can be as high as 38C or above, the child can reach 40C, the hearing loss is reduced, and the ear leaks purulent secretion. Examination showed that the tympanic membrane was congested, and the tympanic membrane protruded due to the increase of the middle ear pus, causing perforation and pus overflow. When the tympanic membrane was reduced and the secretion was reduced, the edge of the perforated tympanic membrane gradually healed.

Mycoplasma pneumonia: physical examination showed mild nasal congestion, runny nose, and moderate pharyngeal congestion. The eardrum is often congested, and about 15% have tympanitis. The cervical lymph nodes can be swollen. A few cases have maculopapular rash, erythema or cold sore. There are no obvious abnormal signs in the chest, about half of which can be dry or wet rales, and a small amount of pleural effusion occurs in about 10% to 15% of cases.

Tympanic membrane trauma: mild symptoms, mild congestion of the tympanic membrane, rest for hours or 1 to 2 days can be self-healing. The tympanic membrane is congested obviously, and there is a effusion in the tympanic cavity. It is feasible to blow the eustachian tube to make the effusion escape, and at the same time, ultrashort wave treatment is performed to promote the absorption of the effusion.

Aviation otitis media: Conscious symptoms include occlusion in the ear, tinnitus, earache, hearing loss, dizziness, etc. The examination can be seen as different symptoms, such as tympanic membrane congestion, tympanic effusion (thin golden serous secretions) or tympanic blood (bronchial vascular rupture, fresh blood in the tympanic cavity), can also occur in severe cases The tympanic membrane is broken.

Differential diagnosis

Ear hemorrhage often occurs when the eardrum is perforated or the skull base is fractured. The tympanic membrane is a piece of film with certain toughness. It is located in the deep part of the external auditory canal and is an important part of the human body's sound transmission system. The tympanic membrane is susceptible to rupture by direct or indirect impact. Direct damage is more common in the ears or when taking foreign objects. The tweezers, hairpins or matchsticks are inserted into the external auditory canal so deep that the tympanic membrane is pierced. Indirect impact is more common when the sound waves in the blasting break the tympanic membrane; the tympanic membrane can also be broken due to sudden falls during diving, boxing ears or skating. When the head injury causes a skull base fracture, the tympanic membrane can also be injured to rupture. Once the tympanic membrane ruptured, the ear suddenly felt severe pain, followed by tinnitus and deafness. A small amount of blood flowed out of the external auditory canal, accompanied by dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. When the otoscope is examined, blood is visible in the external auditory canal, and the tympanic membrane has irregular perforations. Patients suspected of rupture of the tympanic membrane should be sent to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

Most patients with intracranial sinus occlusive sinus hypertension have tympanic membrane perforation and some patients have redness of the tympanic membrane and redness after the ear. Intracranial venous sinus and venous thrombosis are the main causes of cerebral venous return and cerebrospinal fluid absorption disorders. The result is a cranial hypertension. This particular type of intracranial hypertension is called venous sinus occlusion.

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