Scleral hemorrhage

Introduction Scleral hemorrhage refers to the rupture of small blood vessels in the conjunctiva, which is called subconjunctival hemorrhage under the conjunctiva. Often only appear at a glance, can occur in any age group. Occasionally, there may be a history of severe cough and vomiting.

Cause

Causes:

Scleral lesions are more common in inflammation, more women than men. The clinical manifestations of scleritis are eye pain, photophobia, tearing, localization or diffuse hyperemia of the sclera and its superior conjunctiva, edema of the sclera, and tenderness. The characteristic of scleritis redness is that the scleral vascular protection is dilated and congested, and it is dark red or purple, which pushes the conjunctiva to not move.

Scleral hemorrhage often occurs only in one eye and can occur in any age group. Occasionally, there may be a history of severe cough and vomiting. Other possible related medical history are: trauma (eye trauma or head crush injury), conjunctival inflammation, hypertension, children with arteriosclerosis, nephritis, blood diseases (such as leukemia, cyanosis, hemophilia), and some infectious diseases ( Such as sepsis, typhoid, etc.

an examination

Related inspection

Scleral examination fundus examination scleral transillumination and CT examination of temporal region

Clinical manifestations:

The subconjunctival hemorrhage has different shapes and sizes, often in the form of lamellae or lumps, and also affects the global conjunctiva into large pieces. A small amount is bright red, and the amount is purple, which occurs mostly in the cleft palate area. Over time, bleeding tends to move toward the limbus, and there is also a concentration of gravity below the conjunctiva. The bleeding is first bright red or dark red, and later turns pale yellow, and finally disappears without leaving traces.

Differential diagnosis

1. Retinal hemorrhage: Retinal hemorrhage is not an independent eye disease, but a common condition in many eye diseases and certain systemic diseases. Clinically, it is generally known as fundus hemorrhage.

Retinal hemorrhage is most common with capillary lesions, mainly capillary endometrial damage, increased permeability, blood exudation; followed by bleeding from the vein, mostly in local or systemic lesions, venous blood flow or retention, blood Viscosity changes, venous thrombosis, inflammation of the vein wall, etc.; bleeding from the arteries is relatively rare, mainly in the vascular wall local atherosclerosis or vascular embolism.

Chinese medicine believes that: blood temperature is blood, blood stasis is blood coagulation, clinical qi deficiency or qi deficiency is delayed, or qi stagnation is blocked, it is easy to cause upper fundus hemorrhage, blood stasis block the eye, often leading to floating clouds in front of the eye, such as The flag is shaken, and the black spot is not seen. Repeated attacks can cause eye pain and so on until blindness.

2, ciliary congestion: congestion of the eye is one of the common signs of ophthalmology patients. It is often said that red eye is a general concept, which refers to conjunctival hyperemia and ciliary congestion. Conjunctival hyperemia is limited to conjunctival disease or related superficial stimulation, while ciliary congestion includes diseases of the cornea, sclera, and anterior pigmentation, often with certain severity.

3, conjunctival hyperemia: under normal circumstances, the bulbar blood vessels are squatting, in a "sleeping" state, there is no blood in the blood vessels, so the sclera always looks so white and flawless. When encountering bacteria, viruses, etc., the "sleeping" blood vessels will be immediately "awakened" and then expanded. Then the red blood swarmed from all sides, and the sclera became red. The most striking symptom of inflamed eyes is redness. If you have acute or chronic conjunctivitis, various keratitis, iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma, chemical burns on the eyes, etc., you may have different degrees of eye congestion. Eyeball congestion is divided into two types: shallow and deep. The former is bright red, called "conjunctival hyperemia"; the latter is dark red, called "ciliary congestion". Both have a "mixed congestion". The different congestion in these cases is very meaningful in the examination and diagnosis of doctors. It is also an important basis for judging the severity of eye diseases, but it is difficult for ordinary laymen to distinguish clearly.

Some people think that the more the eyes are red, the more serious the condition. Some people don't care too much about the redness. actually not. For example, acute conjunctivitis, acute onset, and heavy congestion, but it is not a serious illness, if there is no special situation, it will not cause major problems, it is easier to cure. However, for chronic iridocyclitis, scleritis, glaucoma and other diseases, the symptoms of congestion are not obvious, but it is a serious eye disease that cannot be ignored. Most of the internal eye diseases are not congested on the outside, but they may cause blindness. So don't judge the severity of eye disease from the weight of red eye or the congestion of eyes.

4, spontaneous intrabulbar hemorrhage: common habits in the uveal tumor, more common in 40 to 60 years old, regardless of gender or left and right eyes, can occur in any part of the choroid, but common in the posterior pole of the eye, sometimes Spontaneous intrabulbar hemorrhage occurs, but the overall incidence is one in a million to two.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.