Symptom >> Surgical >> Orthopedics

Bone end enlargement

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction It is more common in Kashin-Beck disease, which is a local bone disease that occurs in children and is characterized by degeneration and necrosis of articular cartilage, cartilage and cartilage. Also known as the willow disease. In China, it is mainly distributed in a narrow and cold area (Aba Prefecture) from northeast to Tibet. Typical manifestations are pygmy, increased bone ends, limited joint movement, and pain. The earlier the onset age, the more obvious the joint deformation and gnome, the symptoms of adult patients are generally lighter, often limited to joints.

Cause

Cause

The cause is still not fully understood. In the epidemic area of this disease, the selenium content in soil, food and human hair has a very negative relationship with the disease. The total amount of humic acid in the water and humic acid (-OH) have a very obvious positive relationship with the disease. Insufficient, excessive and imbalanced trace elements in drinking water in Kaschin-Beck disease areas may be factors in causing dystrophic changes. In addition, the use of "food, water, health" to prevent Kaschin-Beck disease has achieved good results. The age of onset of the disease is small, generally 3-15 years old children, the incidence of hand, foot and ankle is high.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

Bone and joint plain films of extremities

[clinical performance]

Typical manifestations are pygmy, increased bone ends, limited joint movement, and pain. The earlier the onset age, the more obvious the joint deformation and gnome, the symptoms of adult patients are generally lighter, often limited to joints.

[Image performance]

The disease is a systemic, multifocal, cartilage-necrotic disease that occurs during bone development. The resulting bone and joint damage will last for life, and the X-ray signs are summarized as follows:

1. The edge of the metaphysis is blurred or uneven, wavy or jagged. If the lesion continues to develop, the edge of the numb end may be fragmented. At this point, the joints are not significantly deformed.

2. Characterized by the beginning of fusion between the epiphysis and the backbone. The epiphysis begins to fuse from the central part and gradually expands to the edge. The epiphysis itself is also damaged, segmented, and irregular, and may be completely absorbed. The metaphysis can be in the form of a cup-shaped depression, and the bone marrow is embedded therein to heal early and stop development.

3. Cognac is completely integrated, the longitudinal development of the bone stops, and the diseased bone becomes shorter and thicker. Because the fusion of the cognac is different sooner or later, the phalanx can be uneven, the bone ends are wide and deformed, and the joints are coarse.

4. If the young people are infected after the metaphysis is cured, the clinical symptoms are more common and serious. The joint has damage to the bone end, which can affect the entire joint, which is characterized by a large bone joint deformity, which may be accompanied by a short backbone.

5. The series of signs seen in Kashin-Beck disease are repairs and secondary changes after cartilage necrosis. Only after repairing the tissue, especially the bone shape, can the lesion develop to abate, stabilize or deform.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

The occurrence and development of X-ray signs of Kashin-Beck disease have a specific relationship with the age and location of the disease. Therefore, the differential diagnosis should be differentiated from diseases such as chondrodysplasia, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic or degenerative arthritis according to different conditions. Combined with epidemiology and clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of this disease is not difficult. Symptoms of enlarged bones need to be distinguished from the symptoms below.

Chondroital dysplasia and skeletal malformations: Rickets and osteomalacia are bone diseases caused by vitamin D deficiency, and different clinical forms of different ages.

Joint swelling: joint swelling is more common in traumatic synovitis, and traumatic synovitis is caused by acute trauma and chronic injury. When the knee joint is over-exercised for a long time, the synovial tissue is congested and edematous. The acute trauma includes knee sprain, meniscus injury, collateral ligament or cruciate ligament injury, intra-articular fluid or sometimes hemorrhage. Acute knee traumatic synovitis. Sometimes it can be caused by simple knee joint synovial injury, such as mild trauma, or chronic chronic knee strain. Coupled with wind, cold, and dampness, the knee joint gradually appears swelling and dysfunction, and chronic knee synovitis is formed.

Joint deformity: Although the joint deformity is a "typical product" of rheumatoid arthritis, it is not an exclusive operation of rheumatoid arthritis. Joint deformities can be caused by a variety of causes, many diseases, which may be caused by diseases of the tissues surrounding the joints, or by intra-articular lesions.