Sebaceous carcinoma

Introduction to sebaceous gland cancer Sebaceous adenocarcinoma (sebacEouscarcinoma) is a malignant tumor derived from sebaceous gland cells. There are few people who actually occur in sebaceous glands, and cancers that occur in the Meibom gland (a special sebaceous gland) are more common. This disease is more common in elderly male patients, and occurs in the eyelids and scalp. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001--0.005% Susceptible population: more common in elderly male patients Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: systemic purulent infection, sepsis, lung cancer

Sebaceous gland cancer cause

(1) Causes of the disease

The disease is the primary tumor of the sebaceous gland, and the carcinogenic factors are still unknown. In animal experiments, there are successful cases of sebaceous gland cancer induced by chemical carcinogens in the sebaceous glands or skin of the external auditory canal of rats.

(two) pathogenesis

The basic lesions are cancer cells containing lipids, varying in size, forming irregular sebaceous gland lobules, no capsules, mostly undifferentiated basal cells around the leaflets, sebaceous gland cells still visible in the center of the lobules, and heterologous sebaceous gland cells are mixed in them. The interstitial is connective tissue, and the tumor cells are divided into two types according to the degree of differentiation.

1. Undifferentiated cancer cells have more cytoplasm and eosinophilic cells than basal cells. The size and shape of cells and nuclei are different, and mitotic figures are more common.

2. The differentiated cancer cells are rich in cytoplasm, with small vacuoles, and the nucleus is obviously abnormal.

Sebaceous gland cancer prevention

1, the main prevention is to reduce infection as much as possible, to avoid exposure to radiation and other harmful substances, especially drugs that have an inhibitory effect on immune function; appropriate exercise, enhance physical fitness, improve their disease resistance.

2, the disease is a malignant disease, the condition often develops irreversible, the principle of prevention is early detection, early treatment.

3. The purpose of prevention of this disease is to delay the development of the disease and prolong the survival of the patient. The main measures are active anti-infective treatment and strengthen support for symptomatic treatment.

Sebaceous gland cancer complications Complications, generalized purulent infection, sepsis, lung cancer

The disease is the primary tumor of the sebaceous gland, and the carcinogenic factors are still unknown. The disease is a malignant disease, which can be complicated by skin ulceration, necrosis and bacterial infection, which can cause secondary suppurative infection and even sepsis with blood circulation. At the same time, cancer cells can also be metastasized, such as metastasis to the liver can cause secondary liver cancer. Transferring to the lungs can be complicated by secondary lung cancer, and the clinical features are diverse.

Sebaceous gland cancer symptoms common symptoms nodules

Occurs in older men, mainly in the upper eyelid (75%), from the eye of the Meibomian gland and the Zeis gland, but can also occur in any part of the sebaceous gland, except the eyelid gland Seen outside, followed by the head, face and scalp, torso, occasional also occurred in the vulva, external auditory canal, ankle, back of the hand and foot, throat / pharynx and oral cavity, which may occur in the orbital lobes or ducts, or It is more common in China, the incidence of upper eyelids is higher than that of lower jaws, the transfer rate is higher, and extensive metastasis is often seen. 20% to 30% can cause fatal metastasis, while a few occur in other parts. Local metastasis occurs, the tumor is a single deep plaque with no symptoms, yellow or orange-yellow, solid nodules or plaques, often less than 2cm in diameter, but up to 5cm or even 20cm, the central part of the top is broken into a depressed ulcer. Generally, the development is slow, such as rapid growth, can form cauliflower, with secondary infection, and common regional lymph node metastasis, other parts of the eyelids, often a single reddish nodule, diameter 1 ~ 4cm, or even more Big, this disease can also Seen in Muir-Torre syndrome.

Examination of sebaceous gland cancer

Histopathological examination: Tumor lobules composed of atypical polyhedral cells with varying degrees of dermis are separated by fibrous vascular matrix lacking obvious connective tissue hyperplasia. The lobules contain sebaceous gland cells and many undifferentiated cells. Inconsistent, there are many mitotic figures, cytoplasmic eosinophils, and the nucleus is lighter than the nucleus of sebaceous gland epithelial tumors. Usually, undifferentiated cancer cells are mostly around the lobules, and more differentiated cancer cells are mostly in the center of the lobules, and the interstitial is connective tissue.

Diagnosis and differentiation of sebaceous gland cancer

diagnosis

According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of skin lesions and histopathological features can be diagnosed.

1. Clinical features Older males, occurring in the eyelids, yellow or orange solid nodules or plaques on the scalp, and depressions on the top.

2. Pathological diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis

Clinically, it needs to be differentiated from sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous gland hyperplasia, sebaceous gland, skin tuberculosis, sporotrichosis, etc. When the tumor is broken and the cauliflower grows, it is easy to be confused with squamous cell carcinoma. , can be distinguished.

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