Retinal tear

Introduction to retinal tears The retinal tear is a full-thickness split of the retina. It is generally due to the degeneration of the retina, which is formed by the pulling of the vitreous. The formation of retinal tears is the result of a combination of degeneration of both wind and vitreous tissues. Occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, especially those with high myopia, which are related to the degeneration of the vitreous and retina of the elderly or high myopia. Round holes are more common, those located in the macula are called macular holes; they can also be located in the peripheral fundus, single or multiple clusters of polymerization, or scattered. Sharp edges, caused by cystic degeneration, can not see the membrane-like flap corresponding to its size before the hole. The upper vitreous adhesion traction can be seen in the flap (avoided neuroepithelial layer). Horseshoe-shaped or similar cracks, such as crescent, tongue, and mouth-shaped, are the most common, accounting for 25% to 68% of all retinal detachments, especially single holes. Horseshoe-shaped and similarly formed fissures are also caused by the vitreous traction of the retina. Its adhesion range is wider than that of circular cracks. The size of the hole is consistent with the range of adhesion and traction. Since the end of the adhesion traction is on the surface of the retina and the other end is in the vitreous body, the base portion of the horseshoe-shaped slit always faces the peripheral portion, and the tip end points toward the rear pole portion. The larger horseshoe-shaped split hole is curled at the trailing edge, and the flap is picked up. The actual area of the split hole is often larger than that seen by the ophthalmoscope. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.0031% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: retinal detachment

Cause of retinal tear

Cause (20%):

It is generally due to the degeneration of the retina, which is formed by the pulling of the vitreous. The formation of retinal tears is the result of a combination of degeneration of both wind and vitreous tissues.

Retinal tear prevention

1. It is not advisable to use excessive fatigue.

2. Lift heavy objects.

3. Prevent the occurrence of myopia.

4. Do less intense activities.

5. Patients with myopia should go to the hospital regularly, especially those with poor fundus.

6. Prevent eye injuries.

Retinal breakhole complications Complications, retinal detachment

Small retinal tears usually have little effect, but larger holes may cause the retina to fall off, causing serious damage to vision and even blindness.

Symptoms of retinal tears Common symptoms An abnormal flash in front of the eyes, ... sparks in front of the eyes or flashes of visual impairment in front of the eyes. Non-vitreous lesions...

Round holes are more common, those located in the macula are called macular holes; they can also be located in the peripheral fundus, single or multiple clusters of polymerization, or scattered. Sharp edges, caused by cystic degeneration, can not see the membrane-like flap corresponding to its size before the hole. The upper vitreous adhesion traction can be seen in the flap (avoided neuroepithelial layer).

Horseshoe-shaped or similar cracks, such as crescent, tongue, and mouth-shaped, are the most common, accounting for 25% to 68% of all retinal detachments, especially single holes. Horseshoe-shaped and similarly formed fissures are also caused by the vitreous traction of the retina. Its adhesion range is wider than that of circular cracks. The size of the hole is consistent with the range of adhesion and traction. Since the end of the adhesion traction is on the surface of the retina and the other end is in the vitreous body, the base portion of the horseshoe-shaped slit always faces the peripheral portion, and the tip end points toward the rear pole portion. The larger horseshoe-shaped split hole is curled at the trailing edge, and the flap is picked up. The actual area of the split hole is often larger than that seen by the ophthalmoscope.

Irregular tears in the retina of the peripheral fundus are relatively rare. The holes are linear or irregular. If the lines are very thin and the surrounding retina is not detached, it is often mistaken for peripheral blood vessels.

Retinal tear examination

Type B ultrasonic examination. B-ultrasound can obtain the cut surface image of the organ to be examined, and can directly observe the morphological observation, which can clearly show the structure of the gallbladder and bile duct, and even see the intrahepatic bile duct with the diameter of only 1~2mm, according to the automatic measurement data. The character display can provide objective data such as the size of the gallbladder and bile duct, the thickness of the wall, and the size of the lesion. Therefore, B-ultrasound has a high diagnostic value in biliary diseases, and B-ultrasound has become the most commonly used method for clinical examination of biliary diseases. This method is used to diagnose gallstones, gallbladder inflammation, tumors, parasites, etc., and the differential diagnosis of jaundice patients has a higher diagnostic accuracy.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of retinal tear

diagnosis

Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.

Differential diagnosis

Cracks located within 70o of the fundus are easier to find than cracks in the peripheral portion of 70o; large cracks are easier to find than small cracks. Small holes are often in the vicinity of retinal blood vessels, which are easily confused with bleeding spots and need to be observed repeatedly to be identified.

Round holes are more common, those located in the macula are called macular holes; they can also be located in the peripheral fundus, single or multiple clusters of polymerization, or scattered. Sharp edges, caused by cystic degeneration, can not see the membrane-like flap corresponding to its size before the hole. The upper vitreous adhesion traction can be seen in the flap (avoided neuroepithelial layer).

Horseshoe-shaped or similar cracks, such as crescent, tongue, and mouth-shaped, are the most common, accounting for 25% to 68% of all retinal detachments, especially single holes. Horseshoe-shaped and similarly formed fissures are also caused by the vitreous traction of the retina. Its adhesion range is wider than that of circular cracks. The size of the hole is consistent with the range of adhesion and traction. Since the end of the adhesion traction is on the surface of the retina and the other end is in the vitreous body, the base portion of the horseshoe-shaped slit always faces the peripheral portion, and the tip end points toward the rear pole portion. The larger horseshoe-shaped split hole is curled at the trailing edge, and the flap is picked up. The actual area of the split hole is often larger than that seen by the ophthalmoscope.

Irregular tears in the retina of the peripheral fundus are relatively rare. The holes are linear or irregular. If the lines are very thin and the surrounding retina is not detached, it is often mistaken for peripheral blood vessels.

The sawtooth edge is cut off from the serrated edge (the base of the vitreous body) and its vicinity. It is the largest area of the various holes, mostly located in the underarm quadrant, and the cut line is parallel to the limbus. Take one quadrant or half a week, or even cut off all week. Therefore, the reason for the special name is that the huge hole has no leading edge, and the retinal contraction curl of the trailing edge is gray-white curved, which is in sharp contrast with the dark red without retina. The serrated edge is more common in young people, and most have a history of blunt trauma to the eye. Can also be secondary to retinoschisis.

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