Generalized flat xanthoma

Introduction to generalized flat yellow tumor The generalized flat yellow tumor (diffuseplanexanthoma), also known as generalized macular tumor, is relatively large, occurring in other parts of the eye, other than the orbital macular tumor lesions, low incidence, common in old age. Skin lesion characteristics: skin lesions are generalized flat yellow infiltrating plaques, which occur in the face, neck, upper chest and upper arm. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: common in old age Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Diabetes insipidus

The cause of generalized flat yellow tumor

Causes:

The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may be related to genetic factors, environmental factors, dietary factors, and endocrine factors. The incidence of this disease is extremely low. For family members with family history, skin macula and tumor-like changes occur, and the age is greater than 60 years old. Need to consider the possibility of this disease.

Pathogenesis:

The pathogenesis is similar to that of orbital macular tumors, mainly in which lipoproteins are incorporated into macrophages and then form foam cells and giant foam cells.

Generalized flat yellow tumor prevention

The etiology of this disease is not clear, and may have certain correlation with environmental factors, genetic factors, dietary factors, and mood and nutrition during pregnancy. Therefore, it is impossible to directly prevent the disease against the cause. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important for indirect prevention of this disease. Maintain good eating habits, pay attention to diet regulation, but not intake high-fat, high-sugar, high-cholesterol foods.

Generalized flat yellow tumor complications Complications diabetes insipidus

Some patients with generalized flat yellow tumors may also have mucosal damage and even diabetes insipidus. This disease is usually caused by secondary factors such as decreased secretion of vasopressin, resulting in increased secretion of urine, and a low proportion. Urine, which can be treated with oral arginine vasopressin, can be relieved for a longer course of disease. At the same time, elevated blood lipids may occur, accompanied by coronary heart disease.

Generalized flat yellow tumor symptoms Common symptoms Skin yellow to orange mucosal damage

Orbital macular tumor, yellow to orange skin lesions, often symmetrical, non-inflammatory, prone to the face, neck, upper limbs and trunk, normal serum lipid and lipoprotein levels (normal lipid flat xanthomatosis), pan Hairy flat xanthomas can also be a symptom of hyperlipoproteinemia (primary or secondary hyperlipoproteinemia type IIa), but the lesions are different, and the disease is more common in the palm and flexion sites.

Generalized flat yellow tumor examination

1. Histopathology: Xanthoma is a reaction tumor, and the microstructure of different types of xanthoma is similar, no need for differential diagnosis.

2. Oral glucose tolerance test: understanding fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, in addition to diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (post-prandial hyperglycemia) type of hyperglycemia caused by hyperlipidemia and hyperlipoproteinemia.

3. Liver function, kidney function, thyroid function test: understand albumin, total protein and immunoglobulin levels in addition to biliary cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome and mucinous edema caused by secondary yellow tumor disease.

4. Determination of blood lipids and electrophoresis on paper: cholesterol, triacylglycerol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, etc. can be measured. Hyperlipoproteinemia type II, also known as familial hypercholesterolemia, is a polygenic hypercholesterolemia that occurs frequently in jaundice, jaundice, and nodular xanthoma and is autosomal dominant. Hyperlipoproteinemia type IV, also known as familial hypertriglyceridemia or familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia, often occurs in flat xanthomas and nodular xanthoma.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of generalized flat yellow tumor

According to the flat yellow tumor in the face, the upper back of the neck and the trunk, the skin yellow to orange, the serum lipid and lipoprotein levels are normal or abnormal, you can consider this disease.

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