Encephalitis A

Introduction to epidemic encephalitis Epidemic encephalitis, also known as encephalitis ethargica, was published in April 1917 by Dr. Constantinvon Economo at the Vienna Psychiatric Association on his clinical and pathological aspects of the disease. The discovery and proposed as an independent disease, it is also known as VonEconomo encephalitis. At the end of the First World War, A-type encephalitis swept across Europe, and about 5 million people were infected. Most of the patients were young and more women. For men. The clinical features of the acute phase are fever, lethargy, eye muscle spasm and excessive dance-like exercise. The chronic phase is mainly Parkinson syndrome. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.008% Susceptible people: good for young adults Mode of infection: respiratory transmission Complications: brain edema, cerebral palsy

Cause of epidemic encephalitis A

Causes:

The cause of the disease is unknown. Since the disease disappeared almost completely after the 1920s, the cause of the disease has not been affirmed. According to its pathological changes and clinical features, it is speculated that the pathogen may be a virus. So far, the disease virus has not been isolated. In recent years, Studies of scattered Von Economo encephalitis have shown that the disease has a clear genetic predisposition and familiality.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown. The pathological changes in the acute phase are acute inflammation of the brain center, meninges and cerebral congestion, edema and punctiform hemorrhage, lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration around the blood vessels, neuronal edema, chromatin dissolution, pyknosis, Ganglion cell degeneration, necrosis, glial cell proliferation, basal ganglia, midbrain, pons damage most prominent, chronic phase showed progressive encephalopathy, a degenerative inflammatory process and fibrosis.

Epidemic nail encephalitis prevention

Usually pay attention to personal hygiene and public health, maintain room temperature below 30 °C in summer, pay attention to anti-mosquito bites, pay attention to liquid supplements, and suspicious symptoms to the regular hospital for medical treatment.

Epidemic encephalitis complications Complications brain edema cerebral palsy

Acute cerebral edema, cerebral palsy.

Epidemic type A encephalitis symptoms Common symptoms Drowsiness, dizziness, dizziness, apathy, instrumental nerve damage, dysphagia, coma, convulsion, diplopia

Constantin von Economo has collected and observed thousands of cases of von Economo encephalitis, and carefully studied the clinical manifestations of von Economo encephalitis into three clinical syndromes: sleepiness ophthalmoplegia Somnolent-ophthalmoplegic syndrome, hyperkinetic syndrome and myodystonia-akinetic syndrome, the first clinical manifestation of drowsiness, some patients perform at work and meal Some patients show behavioral abnormalities in a drowsy state. These abnormal behaviors are sometimes misdiagnosed as mental disorders, so patients often see psychiatrists before typical clinical manifestations and diagnosis, and patients are also misdiagnosed as epilepsy and snoring.

1. Sleepy ophthalmoplegia syndrome: fever, dizziness, lethargy, lethargy, delirium, coma, convulsions, epilepsy, limb or cranial nerve palsy, common eye movement disorders caused by bilateral ophthalmoplegia, other cranial nerves When you are involved, you can also see double vision, strabismus, drooping eyelids, enlarged or reduced pupils.

2. Hyperactivity of the motor function: facial muscle stiffness, apathy, excitement, clonic or chorea, dystonia, hand and foot.

3. Dystonia dysmotility syndrome: whole body muscle stiffness, fatigue, fatigue, weakness, tremor, dystonia, ataxia, difficulty walking.

Examination of epidemic nail encephalitis

The total number of peripheral blood leukocytes increased slightly, neutrophils increased, and the number of cerebrospinal fluid cells increased slightly. The classification was mainly lymphocytes, the protein was slightly increased, and the sugar and chloride were normal. In severe cases, EEG abnormalities can be seen.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of epidemic encephalitis

diagnosis

Most patients die in the acute phase due to serious complications, and only a very small number of patients survive, but there are serious sequelae such as Parkinson's syndrome, dysphagia, and diplopia. Mainly based on clinical manifestations, such as lethargy, involuntary movement, oculomotor nerve palsy and Parkinson's syndrome, combined with epidemiological data and laboratory tests to make a diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis

Need to be differentiated from Japanese encephalitis, other viral encephalitis, Parkinson's disease.

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