P-phenylenediamine dermatitis

Introduction to p-phenylenediamine dermatitis Paraphenylenediaminedermatitis refers to dermatitis-induced eczema-like changes caused by exposure to para-phenylenediamine. Skin lesions can occur in the back of the hand, wrist, forearm, eyelids and nose, manifested as erythema, papules, and herpes. The lesions are scattered or dense and may have exudation. The elderly with the disease may have mossy changes. Contact dermatitis caused by a hair dye containing p-phenylenediamine is also known as hair dermatitis, generally starting from the scalp. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02%-0.05% Susceptible people: no specific people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Eczema Contact dermatitis

The cause of p-phenylenediamine dermatitis

Causes:

P-phenylenediamine is a strong sensitizing substance that cross-reacts with many chemicals. It is found in permanent hair dyes and can cause allergic contact dermatitis.

Pathogenesis:

It is highly sensitizing to p-phenylenediamine and cross-reacts with various chemicals to cause allergic contact dermatitis.

P-phenylenediamine dermatitis prevention

1. Improve production equipment and improve sanitary conditions in production workplaces: install good and effective ventilation, exhaust and vacuum equipment, reduce harmful gases and dust in the workshop, and set up bathrooms and changing rooms.

2. Strengthen personal protection, pay attention to wearing overalls, gloves, masks, hats, masks, protective eyes and other protective clothing, boots and so on.

Phenyldiamine dermatitis complications Complications eczema contact dermatitis

In addition to itching pain, if skin infections are combined, skin ulceration, necrosis, and purulent secretions may occur. For a small number of serious patients, there may be symptoms such as aversion to cold, fever, nausea, vomiting and other systemic symptoms. Improper scratching or handling, infection or irritant can not be removed in time, causing the disease to be delayed into chronic dermatitis, so try to use drugs to stop itching, avoid scratching and causing skin damage.

Symptoms of p-phenylenediamine dermatitis Common symptoms Edema papules pruritus herpes

Workers involved in the production of p-phenylenediamine, fur coat makers, hairdressers, workers involved in the rubber vulcanization process may develop p-phenylenediamine dermatitis, which can occur on the back of the hand, wrist, forearm, eyelids and nose. Erythema, papules, herpes, rash, scattered or dense, may have exudation, long-term disease may have mossy changes, contact dermatitis caused by dyes containing p-phenylenediamine, also known as hair dermatitis, generally starting from the scalp , obvious erythema, blisters, erosion, exudate, severe itching, upper eyelids, upper part of the ear, frontal, sputum, posterior part of the neck can be obviously red, edema, if not properly treated, there may be scarring, mossy changes .

Primary irritation reaction means that the contact itself is irritating or toxic. Anyone who comes into contact with the substance may develop dermatitis, such as exposure to strong acids and alkalis. Contact sensitization means that the contact has no adverse reactions to most people. Only a small number of people with allergies, usually after 4 to 20 days of incubation, after repeated exposure to similar substances, dermatitis can occur in the contact area and adjacent parts within a few hours or 1-2 days. There are many substances that cause contact dermatitis, such as animal skin, hair, feathers, toxins, etc. Plant leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, chemical substances such as cosmetics, daily necessities such as soap, washing powder, heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, Mercury, etc., other such as antibiotic ointment, adhesive plaster and so on.

Contact dermatitis generally has a more acute onset, and there is a clear erythema, papules, and herpes on the exposed parts. In severe cases, it is red and swollen with blisters or bullae, and the blister is erosive. The location and extent of dermatitis occur consistent with the contact. It often has itching and burning sensation. After the cause is removed, it is cured by appropriate treatment for about 1-2 weeks. However, contact with allergens can be repeated.

Examination of p-phenylenediamine dermatitis

This disease is mainly related to the history of exposure to p-phenylenediamine chemicals. Therefore, patients with redness, itching, pain, blisters, erosion, exudation, etc. after skin contact with p-phenylenediamine should be considered. disease. Using Vaseline containing 1% p-phenylenediamine as a patch test, it can be positive, and combined with clinical features, the disease can be diagnosed. At the same time, blood routine can be checked, suggesting that eosinophils increase, it can be used as a support diagnosis of this disease.

Diagnosis and differentiation of p-phenylenediamine dermatitis

diagnosis

Diagnosis can be made based on the patient's history of exposure, lesions occurring at the site of contact and typical rash manifestations, and positive patch tests.

Differential diagnosis

1. Acute eczema, this is an allergic skin damage, mostly related to exposure to allergens such as pollen, lacquer trees and other reasons.

2. erysipelas, the skin color is bright red, the boundary of the boundary is clear, no contact history, local tenderness is obvious, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, nausea, and peripheral blood tests see white blood cells often increase.

3. Anal acute eczema, generally followed by flushing - papules (potular papules) - blisters (exudation) - erosion - crusting (scaly) - pigment regeneration process, accompanied by itching. The clinical manifestation is that the effusion is obvious, and the severe cases are drip-like exudation. The severe itching makes the patient difficult to tolerate, and scratches, blood stasis, bacterial infection, pustules, purulent exudation, Purulent crusting, showing the unique appearance of eczema, that is, multiple forms of rash. Anal skin is a sensitive area, acute eczema itching is particularly intense, fecal contamination is more likely to cause bacterial infection, symptoms are more severe, can expand and perineum, scrotum, buttocks skin, affecting patients' lives and work, making the course extremely unstable, prolonged treatment And turned into a chronic process.

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