Cleft lip

Introduction to cleft lip Cleft lip is a common congenital malformation in the oral and maxillofacial region with an incidence of about 1:1000. Normal fetuses begin to fuse with some embryonic processes to form a face after the fifth week. If they fail to develop normally, they can deform, including cleft lip. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0035% Susceptible people: good in the fetus Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cleft lip and palate

Cleft lip disease

Genetic factors (30%):

Patients with cleft lip can be found to have similar malformations in their relatives or parasitic relatives. Therefore, it is believed that there is a certain relationship between cleft lip deformity and heredity. Epidemiological investigations show that there are cleft lip deformities among the relatives of the scorpion. The incidence of cleft lip in offspring is higher than that in non-fractures in relatives. Genetic studies also suggest that cleft lip is a polygenic hereditary disease.

Environmental factors (30%):

Mainly referring to the environment in which the embryo grows and develops, the entire physiological state of the mother constitutes the environmental condition of embryo development. Therefore, in the first three months of pregnancy, when the physiological state of the mother is invaded or interfered, the embryonic jaw may be affected. Facial growth and development.

(1) Nutritional deficiency In the study of experimental animals, it was found that mice lacking food components such as vitamin A, B2 and folic acid can produce deformities such as cleft lip, and whether humans will also suffer from congenital malformations due to lack of such substances. It is very clear, so lack of nutrition in early pregnancy may be one of the causes of the disease.

(2) Infection and injury The mother may suffer some kind of damage in the early stage of pregnancy, especially the damage of the uterus and its adjacent parts, such as improper incomplete abortion or unscientific drug abortion, which can affect the development of the embryo. Inducing malformation, the mother suffering from viral infectious diseases such as rubella, can also affect the development of the embryo and become a possible cause of cleft lip.

(3) Endocrine effects In early pregnancy, babies born after the use of hormone therapy have a certain congenital malformation. In addition, in the family history of children with cleft lip, some mothers were found in early pregnancy. There have been various obvious traumatic factors, and the inference may lead to a stress reaction, which leads to an increase in the secretion of adrenocortical hormone in the body and induces congenital malformations.

(4) Drug factors Most drugs can enter the embryo through the placenta after entering the mother. Some drugs may affect the development of the embryo and cause malformation. Currently known anti-tumor drugs (such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, etc.), convulsion drugs (phenytoin) Sodium), amphetamines and methicillin for the treatment of gestational vomiting and certain sleeping pills (such as thalidomide) can cause fetal malformations.

(5) Physical damage, such as during fetal development, frequent exposure of pregnant women to radiation or microwaves may affect the growth and development of the fetus and may be a possible cause of cleft lip.

(6) Tobacco and alcohol factors A large number of cigarettes and alcohol abuse in early pregnancy, the incidence of cleft lip in children is higher than that of women who are not interested in smokeless wine, and thus is one of the possible factors leading to cleft lip in the fetus.

Cleft lip prevention

Pregnant women should avoid partial eclipse during pregnancy, ensure adequate intake of vitamins B, C, D and calcium, iron and phosphorus, maintain peace of mind, avoid mental stress, do not take anti-tumor drugs, anticonvulsants, histamine, treatment of morning sickness Kemin Jing and some sleeping pills, do not smoke without alcohol, avoid contact with radiation, microwaves, etc.

Cleft lip complications Complications

Cleft lip not only affects the appearance of the child's face, but also affects the child's milk, chewing and pronunciation.

Cleft lip symptoms common symptoms cleft lip and palate rabbit lip and lip valgus

(1) The cleft lip can be divided into:

1. Unilateral cleft lip is divided into incomplete type and complete type.

2. The bilateral cleft lip is incomplete, the complete type and the mixed type are one side completely incomplete type.

(2) According to the degree of fissure:

I degree cleft lip is limited to red lips splitting;

The second degree cleft lip is a partial split of the upper lip, which is not split to the bottom of the nose. The shallow second degree is that the fissure does not exceed 1/2 of the lip height; the deep second degree is that the fissure exceeds 1/2 of the lip height;

The third degree cleft lip is the upper lip, and the bottom of the nose is completely split;

The crack refers to the skin. Although the mucosa is not split, it lacks the muscle layer.

[clinical manifestations]

The main manifestation of the cleft lip is the splitting of the upper lip, which can be divided into three degrees according to the location of the fissure and the degree of rupture.

1. Once the cleft lip is only splitting the red lips.

2. The second degree is that the crack exceeds the red lips but does not reach the bottom of the nose.

3. The third degree is the crack from the red lips to the bottom of the nose. The former two are also called incomplete cleft lip, and the last is called the complete cleft lip.

Cleft lip examination

Visual inspection.

Cleft lip diagnosis

According to the medical history, the diagnosis is clear and no identification is needed.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.