Congenital posterior nostril atresia

Introduction to congenital posterior nostril atresia The disease is a severe nasal deformity and belongs to a family hereditary disease. The disease is often associated with other congenital malformations, such as congenital iris defects, congenital heart disease, congenital posterior atresia, genital dysplasia. Surgery is the main treatment for the disease, and strengthening perinatal care can effectively prevent the disease. Most scholars believe that congenital posterior nostril atresia is thicker in the buccal nasal cavity at 6 weeks of embryonic, and can not absorb the penetration and communicate with the oral cavity, forming the original posterior nares and becoming the interval of occlusion. This interval may be membranous. Bone or mixed, the interval between the locks can be as thin as paper, and the thickness is up to 12mm, but it is about 2mm, and small holes can be formed in between, but the ventilation is insufficient, which is called incomplete lock, and the position of the lock interval is divided. For the fore edge latching and the trailing edge latching, it is often located at the junction of the soft palate and the hard palate at the edge of the posterior nostril. It is inclined upwards and upwards, attached to the sphenoid body, externally connected to the sphenoidal wing inner plate, connected to the pear bone, connected to the tibia, and blocked. The nasal mucosa is covered on both sides of the interval. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible population: newborn Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: neonatal asphyxia pneumonia

Congenital posterior nostril atresia

The reason for the atresia is as follows: the left buccal membrane remains or the buccal pharyngeal membrane remains during embryonic development; the posterior nostril is blocked by the epithelial plug, and gradually becomes membranous or osseous; the tissue around the posterior nostril proliferates to form a occlusion.

Most scholars believe that congenital posterior nostril atresia is thicker in the buccal nasal cavity at 6 weeks of embryonic, and can not absorb the penetration and communicate with the oral cavity, forming the original posterior nares and becoming the interval of occlusion. This interval may be membranous. Bone or mixed, the interval between the locks can be as thin as paper, and the thickness is up to 12mm, but it is about 2mm, and small holes can be formed in between, but the ventilation is insufficient, which is called incomplete lock, and the position of the lock interval is divided. For the fore edge latching and the trailing edge latching, it is often located at the junction of the soft palate and the hard palate at the edge of the posterior nostril. It is inclined upwards and upwards, attached to the sphenoid body, externally connected to the sphenoidal wing inner plate, connected to the pear bone, connected to the tibia, and blocked. The nasal mucosa is covered on both sides of the interval.

Congenital posterior nostril atresia prevention

The main points of prevention are: under the premise of not damaging the surrounding important tissues, the newly built posterior nostrils should be expanded as much as possible to properly protect the visco-periosteal flap and fully utilized; the retention time of the silicone dilatation tube can be determined according to whether the patient has local reaction or not. Those who are taken out within a few days after surgery may also be left for several weeks or even months. Generally, the time of expansion through the nasal cavity is longer, and those who pass through the path may be slightly shorter, and the wound may be removed after complete epithelialization.

Infants and young children should be closely observed and intensive care: such as oxygen, sucking, removing phlegm, nasal drip and aerosol inhalation. In the early postoperative period, special attention should be paid to the dilatation tube left in the newborn's nose: keep it open and prevent it from falling off.

Congenital posterior nostril atresia Complications neonatal asphyxia pneumonia

Frequent pharyngeal dryness, thoracic dysplasia, etc., neonatal genital purpura and asphyxia, that is, difficulty breathing when closed, causing purpura, suffocation, symptoms disappear or relieve childhood when crying in mouth; It is malnourished in the future. The child has no nasal respiratory function, often died of pneumonia. The symptoms of unilateral posterior nostril obstruction are mild, the affected side is not ventilated, and there is mucous secretion in the nasal cavity; childhood adulthood The patient may have only a nasal obstruction and may be asymptomatic when the single test is blocked.

Congenital posterior atresia symptoms Common symptoms Purpura dyspnea Nasal obstruction Polyps Drowsiness suffocation

Congenital posterior nostril atresia

1. Use a fine rubber catheter to test the nasopharynx from the front nostril. If it enters the oropharynx less than 32mm, it will encounter a barrier. If the catheter is not seen on the posterior wall of the oropharynx, the nostril can be diagnosed. Care must be taken to exclude the catheter from being too soft and in the wrong direction so that the tube is distorted in the nasal cavity and does not reach the posterior nostril.

2. Using a roll of cotton from the nose to the bottom of the nose, the position and nature of the gap can be detected.

3. Drop the methylene blue or 1% gentian violet into the nasal cavity. After 1 to 2 minutes, observe whether the oropharynx is colored. If there is no coloration, the disease can be diagnosed.

4. Slowly drip the iodine oil into the nasal cavity, and X-ray angiography can show the presence or absence of posterior nostril atresia and its depth of closure.

5. Nasal endoscopy with a 0 degree fiber light guide nasal endoscope, placed in the front nostrils, while attracting secretions, while observing the condition of the nostrils, this method can not only diagnose the disease, but also line up congenital nasal meninges - brain swelling, nasal polyps, adenoid hypertrophy, nasopharyngeal swelling, foreign body, scarring stenosis and nasal septum deviation caused by nasal obstruction.

Diagnosis and diagnosis of congenital posterior nostril atresia

Congenital intranasal meninges - brain swelling, nasal polyps, adenoid hypertrophy, nasopharyngeal swelling, foreign body, scarring stenosis and nasal septum deviation caused by nasal obstruction.

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