direct ophthalmoscopy

The direct ophthalmoscopy method can place the fundus image about 15 to 16 times. It can be seen as a positive image. The range of the fundus can be seen is small, but it is more detailed and detailed, and can also be conveniently used to check the refractive interstitial of the eye. The examinee does not wear glasses when inspecting, but the examiner can wear a mirror, and the examiner and the examinee are as close as possible, but do not touch the subject's eyelashes and eyes and face. While the light of the ophthalmoscope penetrates into the eye to be inspected, the examiner peeks into the fundus of the subject through the observation hole. If the eye can not be seen clearly, the positive and negative spherical lens turntable can be rotated to obtain a clear fundus image. Basic Information Specialist Category: Ophthalmic Examination Category: Other Inspections Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Inappropriate people: glaucoma patients. Normal value The normal fundus is divided into discs; it is located about 3 to 4 mm on the nasal side of the eyeball, and has a diameter of about 1.5 mm. It is oval in shape and reddish in color, but the color on the temporal side is slightly light. Blood vessels; the arteries are bright red, the tube diameter is thin and straight, and there is a clear reflection strip in the center, which is about 1/3 of the diameter of the tube. The veins are dark red, the tube diameter is slightly thicker and more curved, and the reflection of the lumen is darker and smaller. The ratio of arteries to veins is approximately 34 or 23. In the optic disc, venous pulsations are sometimes seen, which is normal. Macular portion; usually a circular area, slightly darker than other parts of the fundus, dark red. The general shape of the fundus; the retina itself is transparent, and the entire fundus is diffuse orange-red under the illumination of the ophthalmoscope, which is due to the pigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid and the color of the blood in the choroidal capillaries. Clinical significance Abnormal result 1. Check the refractive interstitial (corneal, aqueous humor, crystal, vitreous) of the eye for opacity by stereography. 2. If you can't see the fundus, you can rotate the positive and negative spherical lens dials to get a clear fundus image. Patients with ametropia or refractive media damage who need to be examined. Precautions Taboo before check: emotional stress. Requirements for examination: When inspecting the peripheral fundus, it is best to enlarge the pupil. The patient will turn the eyeball to one side, and the examiner should also tilt the head properly. Inspection process The examinee does not wear glasses when inspecting, but the examiner can wear a mirror, and the examiner and the examinee are as close as possible, but do not touch the subject's eyelashes and eyes and face. While the light of the ophthalmoscope penetrates into the eye to be inspected, the examiner peeks into the fundus of the subject through the observation hole. If the eye can not be seen clearly, the positive and negative spherical lens turntable can be rotated to obtain a clear fundus image. Not suitable for the crowd Inappropriate people: glaucoma patients.

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