breast palpation

Breast palpation is the use of palpation to check the breast. The main point of palpation is to understand the nature of the breast with or without a lump. At the time of palpation, the doctor sits on the side of the patient, or the patient is lying flat, and a small pillow is placed under the shoulder. When examining the medial side of the breast, the patient lifted the arm and examined the lateral half of the patient's upper arm. The correct palpation method is to gently press the breast on the breast in the upper and outer (including the tail), the outer lower, the inner lower, the middle (the nipple, the areola). Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: physical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Tips: Inappropriate people: lactating women. Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to the particularity of the history of breast disease, and various diseases may have an impact on the examination. Normal value Touched without a lump. Clinical significance Abnormal results: (1) Whether the breast mass in front of the breast mass is derived from the breast, should first pay attention to identification. A lump from the anterior chest wall (such as costal cartilage, rib tumor, chest wall tuberculosis, etc.) does not move as the breast position changes as the breast moves. When you have a clear breast lumps, you should pay attention to its size, position, number, texture, tenderness, neat appearance, clear edges, smooth surface, and surrounding tissues such as skin, pectoralis major, anterior serratus, etc. Whether it is stuck or the like. Gently pick up the surface of the lump, you can know whether the lump has no adhesion to the skin; if there is adhesion and no inflammation, you should be alert to the possibility of breast cancer. When examining whether the mass adhered to deep tissue, the activity of the mass was first tested in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and then the pectoralis major muscle contraction test was used. (2) Axillary lymph nodes in addition to acute and chronic inflammation, generally benign breast lesions do not cause axillary lymphadenopathy. When examining the axillary lymph node group, the doctor faces the patient, examines the patient's left ankle with a right hand, and examines the patient's right ankle with a left hand. The patient first lifts the upper limb of the examination side, and the examiner extends into the armpit to the highest position, that is, the axillary lymph node group, the palm side of the finger faces the chest wall of the patient, and then the patient lowers the upper limb and rests on the forearm of the examiner, and then checks The dome, the anterior wall of the ankle, the posterior wall of the ankle, and the anterior medial latissimus There are no enlarged lymph nodes under the subclavian and clavicle. Check the affected side and check the opposite side. When you have a swollen lymph node, pay attention to its location, number, size, texture, tenderness, and mobility. People who need to be examined: the breasts touch people with lumps, middle-aged women. Precautions Forbidden before examination: Pay attention to the particularity of the history of breast disease, and various diseases may have an impact on the examination. Requirements for inspection: Checking for relaxation, checking may cause physical and psychological burdens, should be actively faced, and actively cooperate with the inspection. The examination needs to expose the breasts, so the upper body should wear clothes that are easy to take off. Check again at the best physical examination time, such as around the 10th day of the menstrual cycle to avoid interference caused by physiological changes in the breast during the menstrual cycle. The examination should be adequately illuminated to avoid neglecting signs caused by minor lesions. Face the doctor during the examination, whether it is standing or sitting, try to relax as much as possible so that the doctor can have more accurate results. Inspection process The examination should be carried out in order. It is customarily divided into 5 areas, from the upper inner quadrant of the breast → the upper outer quadrant and its milky tail → lower inner quadrant → lower outer quadrant, then touch the areola, and pay attention to the presence or absence of nipples during the examination. Effusion. Not suitable for the crowd Menstruating women. Adverse reactions and risks No related complications and hazards.

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