stool microscopy

Fecal microscopy is the main content of clinical routine examinations, which are used to examine various constituents such as cells, parasites, crystals, bacteria, and fungi. It is a method for diagnosing human diseases by analyzing and judging human excretions, secretions, exfoliated cells and human tissues using a microscope. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: microscopy Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: not fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Normal value: no Above normal: negative: normal. Positive: 1. Leukocytosis is seen in colonic inflammation such as bacterial dysentery. 2. Erythrocyte hypertrophy is seen in the lower intestinal tract inflammation or bleeding, such as dysentery, ulcerative colitis, rectal polyps, colon cancer, acute schistosomiasis. 3. Increased epithelial cells are found in pseudomembranous colitis, colitis, and the like. 4. Macrophages appear in bacterial dysentery, ulcerative colitis and the like. 5. Increased food residue is seen in chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, indigestion, various diarrhea, enteritis and so on. 6. Crystallization appears in the Charcot-Leidden crystal, found in allergic enteritis. Amoeba dysentery. Blood crystals are seen in intestinal bleeding. Tips: Stop antidiarrheals, antacids or antibiotics before defecation, or X-ray examination of tincture. For constipation, take magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate. Normal value White blood cells have no or occasional/high magnification field of view. Red blood cell no/high magnification field of view. Epithelial cells have no or occasional/high magnification field of view. Macrophages have no/high magnification field of view. A small amount of food residue and muscle fibers. Fat droplets are less than 6/high magnification field of view. Clinical significance Abnormal results: 1. Leukocytosis is seen in colonic inflammation such as bacterial dysentery. 2. Erythrocyte hypertrophy is seen in the lower intestinal tract inflammation or bleeding, such as dysentery, ulcerative colitis, rectal polyps, colon cancer, acute schistosomiasis. 3. Increased epithelial cells are found in pseudomembranous colitis, colitis, and the like. 4. Macrophages appear in bacterial dysentery, ulcerative colitis and the like. 5. Increased food residue is seen in chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, indigestion, various diarrhea, enteritis and so on. 6. Crystallization appears in the Charcot-Leidden crystal, found in allergic enteritis. Amoeba dysentery. Blood crystals are seen in intestinal bleeding. Need to check the crowd: Patients with chronic dyspepsia, patients with digestive dysfunction. Positive results may be diseases: bacterial colitis considerations Preparation before inspection: 1. Stop antidiarrheals, antacids or antibiotics before bowel movements, or perform X-ray examination of tincture. For constipation, take magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate. Requirements for inspection: 1. The stool test should take fresh specimens, the container is clean, no urine should be mixed, and there should be no disinfectant and sewage, so as to avoid damage to the formed parts, cause the pathogen to die and pollute the saprophytic protozoa. 2. After the specimen is collected, it should be checked within 1 hour. Otherwise, it may cause decomposition and decomposition due to the influence of PH gel digestive enzymes. 3. Check the dysentery amoeba trophozoite should be checked immediately after defecation. From the pus and soft parts, the cold season specimens need to be kept warm during transmission and inspection. 4. When checking the schistosomiasis eggs, take the mucus, pus and blood, and at least 30 grams of feces should be taken when hatching the mites, and they should be treated as soon as possible. 5. Check the mites eggs with a transparent film swab and wipe them from the wrinkles around the anus at 12 o'clock in the evening or in the morning before defecation and immediately microscopically. 6. When collecting parasitic worms and counting eggs, collect 24 hours of feces. The former should be carefully searched or screened from all the feces, and then identify the species; the latter should be mixed and checked. 7. When doing the original quantification of feces, the feces should be collected continuously for 3 days, and the feces should be weighed and weighed and weighed 20 g each day for inspection. 8. The stool specimens for bacteriological examination should be collected and collected in a sterilized and covered container. 9. If there is no feces discharge and must be checked, the specimen can be swabbed through the anus or the feces, and the feces of the enema or oily laxatives are often unsuitable for examination specimens due to too thin and thirsty oil droplets. 10. After the stool inspection, the paper or plastic specimen box should be burned in the incinerator. The enamel container should be soaked in a disinfectant (such as peracetic acid, phenolic soap or chlorpheniramine) for 24 hours. After disposing of the disinfectant, rinse the running water for use. The loaded slides should be immersed and disinfected with 5% phenolic soap. Inspection process The direct smear test is the easiest and most common method. However, when the number of parasites in the human body is small and the number of eggs in the feces is small, sometimes the eggs cannot be detected. In this method, a small amount of glycerin and water is added to the slide, and a small amount of feces is picked up with a toothpick, mixed, and the larger or excessive feces are removed, and finally a layer is left on the slide. Uniform fecal fluid, the concentration requirement is to place the slide on the newspaper, and it is appropriate to obscure the writing underneath the fecal liquid film. The coverslips were covered on the fecal membrane and examined under a low magnification microscope. When inspecting, all parts under the coverslip should be checked sequentially. Egg collection method: 1. Precipitation method Take 5g of feces, add more than 100ml of water, stir it into manure juice, filter through 260~250μm (40~60 mesh) copper sieve, collect the filtrate in the flask or beaker, let stand for 20~40min, pour Remove the supernatant and retain the sediment. Add water to mix and reprecipitate, and repeat the operation until the upper layer is transparent, and then take the sediment for inspection. This method is suitable for checking fluke eggs. 2. Float method Take 10g of feces, add 100ml of saturated brine, mix, pass through 250μm (60 mesh) copper sieve, filter into the beaker, let stand for half an hour, then the eggs will float up; use a 5-10mm diameter iron ring, Parallel contact with the liquid surface to pick up the surface liquid film and shake off the slide to check. This method is applicable to the inspection of nematode eggs. It can also take 1g of feces, add 10ml of saturated saline solution, mix well, sieve and filter the filtrate into the test tube, fill the test tube with saturated saline solution, cover the tube with cover slip, and make the liquid contact with the cover slip. Leave the bubbles and stand upright for half an hour. Remove the coverslip and check for eggs. Both the above floating method and the precipitation method allow the liquid to stand still until it sinks or floats naturally. The above fecal liquid can also be placed in a centrifuge tube and centrifuged in a centrifuge to accelerate the precipitation or floating process by means of centrifugal force. Commonly used floating liquid saturated saline: 380 g of salt is added to 1000 ml of water, and the specific gravity is about 1.18. Saturated sodium thiosulfate solution: In 1000 ml of water, 1750 g of sodium thiosulfate was added, and the specific gravity was about 1.4. In addition, there are saturated magnesium sulfate solution, zinc sulfate solution and the like. 3. Nylon sieve bag egg collection method Take 5~10g of feces, add water and stir well, first pass through 260μm (40 mesh) copper wire sieve; filter liquid and then filter through 58μm (260 mesh) nylon sieve bag, and in nylon sieve Continue to add water to rinse in the pocket until the liquid is clear; then take the smear in the pocket to check. This method is applicable to eggs of more than 60 μm in width. Not suitable for the crowd This test is a routine check and there are no unsuitable people. Adverse reactions and risks May cause an infection.

The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments.