Apraxia

Cognition is a kind of high-level neuropsychological activity that the human brain possesses (that is, to sense the existence of things through the senses and to recognize them). To know something is to recognize it among many things, that is, the result of comparing the current perception experience with all the past experiences. The understanding of things is processed through the convergence of multiple sensations, mainly based on the convergence of multiple sensations of visual and physical sensations, and the participation of hearing and even smell. The agnosia is that the sensed object loses contact with the previously memorized material and becomes unrecognized, that is, it cannot recognize. It refers to an acquired cognitive impairment caused by local brain damage. In the face of a patient, the patient can recognize it through other sensory channels, but only loses the ability to know the familiar objects, self, or visual space through a specific sensory channel and corresponding senses. This kind of understanding cannot be caused by obstacles such as feeling, language, intelligence, memory, etc., nor is it caused by patients' unfamiliarity with the object, often caused by damage to specific functional parts of the cerebral hemisphere. The manifestations of most cases of apraxia are specific. As with other brain abnormalities, it also has asymmetry between the two hemispheres. In short, it is the absence of vision, hearing, somatosensory, consciousness, and mental retardation in patients with brain damage, but it is not possible to recognize a previously familiar object through one sense, but through other senses. For example, the patient saw the watch without knowing what it was, but when he touched the shape of the watch and heard the sound of the watch moving, he immediately recognized it as a watch.

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