Osteolysis

Gorham syndrome, also known as Massive osteolysis, Disappearing bone disease, Gorham Stout syndrome, acute spontaneous bone resorption, shadow bone (Phantom bone disease), etc. Traditional Chinese medicine calls it "ghost bone", and it is also called "phaniom bone" in the west. Johnson and Mcclure named this disease as a large number of osteolytic diseases in 1958, which is now adopted by most people. This condition is extremely rare internationally and it is thought that chronic exposure to vinyl chloride can cause osteolytic osteolysis. It is mainly manifested as multiple osteolysis, especially the clavicle, scapula, humerus, chylothorax, nerve damage, hemangioma or lymphangioma near the bone damage, the latter is often an important clue for diagnosis. The limbs of the affected part of the patient are soft and spongy and cannot resist gravity. Lifting the affected limb barely, the affected limb is bent without support. Under the microscope, there was a rich proliferation of capillary fibrous tissue, which was sinusoidal, with lymphocyte infiltration. But unlike primary hemangiomas, some have capillary proliferations like arteriovenous fistulas. So some people think it is hemangioma. The main components of bones are calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate. There is a view that "ghost bones" are caused by abnormal proliferation of bone capillaries and lymphatic vessels, which erode bones. Think of vines that can entangle large trees alive, and then hyperplasia forms lymphangiomas or hemangiomas, and increased oxygen consumption may also cause bone resorption and dissolution, and the absorbed bone tissue is replaced by vascular fibrous tissue. Among them, osteoclasts may play a key role, this speculation has yet to be confirmed by research. The condition is likely to be related to the patient's living environment and eating habits, and further investigation should be conducted on the spot.

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