Conductive deafness

Hearing impairment caused by lesions in the outer or middle ear is called conductive deafness. External ear diseases that can cause conductive deafness: listening embolism, external ear canal atresia, external ear canal inflammation, and external ear canal stenosis caused by tumors. Middle ear diseases that can cause conductive deafness: various acute and chronic otitis media, middle ear tumors, tympanic trauma, ossicular fracture or dislocation, ear sclerosis, and so on. Among them, otitis media is a common disease, especially in children. The course can be acute, often accompanied by symptoms such as pain and fever, and requires immediate symptomatic treatment; it can also be chronic. Chronic suppurative otitis media is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear mucosa, periosteum, or deep bone. The etiology can be the persistence of acute otitis media, the eustachian tube obstruction, and chronic nasopharyngeal diseases. Chronic otitis media can be divided into simple type, bone ulcer type, and cholesteatoma type. Symptoms include pus in the ear, hearing loss, ear pain, and even abscesses around the ear. Hearing loss is associated with perforation of the tympanic membrane, destruction of the ossicular chain, or labyrinthitis. Among them, the simple otitis media lesions are more limited, only tympanic membrane perforation or ossicular bone lesions, tympanic membrane repair, ossicular chain reconstruction surgery to reconstruct tympanic cavity and hearing can be performed after the ears stop purulent for more than two months; and bone ulcer type, cholesteatoma Type otitis media can damage bone, and in severe cases, it can cause intracranial and extracranial complications such as neurodeafness, dizziness, facial paralysis, and meningitis. Once diagnosed, radical mastoidectomy should be performed to clear the lesion and perform tympanoplasty as appropriate.

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