Hypovolemic shock

Introduction Hypovolemic shock refers to the pathophysiological process of effective circulating blood volume and cardiac output reduction, tissue perfusion, cell metabolic disorder and impaired function caused by loss of circulating capacity caused by various reasons.

Cause

A large amount of blood, plasma or body fluid is lost in the body or in the blood vessels, causing a decrease in blood pressure and a microcirculatory disorder caused by a sharp decrease in effective blood volume. Such as severe diarrhea, severe vomiting, massive urination or extensive burns, loss of water, salt or plasma, esophageal varices, gastrointestinal ulcers cause massive internal hemorrhage, muscle contusion, fracture, hepatosplenic rupture caused by traumatic shock and large area Plasma extravasation caused by burns is hypovolemic shock.

an examination

Related inspection

Urine leucine leucine aminopeptidase central venous pressure measurement (CVP) determination of whole blood lactic acid

Laboratory examinations must be summarized and analyzed based on objective materials and medical examinations, and several possible diagnostics are proposed, and then further examinations are performed to confirm the diagnosis. If there are acute and massive blood loss or fluid loss in the body or in the body, or patients with a serious history of fluid (water) insufficiency, the export thirst, excitement, irritability, and then appear indifferent, confused or even coma, can check patients Pulse, body temperature, blood pressure, urine volume, and central venous pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure examination.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis:

Septic shock should be differentiated from hypovolemic shock. Septic shock is most commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, staphylococcal or meningococcal infections. It is characterized by acute circulatory failure, often accompanied by hypotension and multiple organ failure at the same time or the following. The skin is warm at the beginning, even when hypotension occurs, the urine flow is reduced, the alertness is decreased, and the confusion is caused. Aggravation and multiple organ failure including lung, kidney and liver.

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