ADHD in adults

Introduction It is widely believed that ADHD is a child's disease, and it will heal with age, and adults will not have this disease. However, according to follow-up observations and prospective studies by many scholars, it is found that ADHD is not a child-specific disease. If children are suffering from ADHD, if they are not treated in time, they can continue to reach the young and middle-aged stage, but the symptoms are different. We call it "forming young micro-cerebral dysfunction (AMBD)", that is, adult ADHD. The clinical manifestations of adult ADHD are characterized by impatience, temper tantrum, anxiety and depression. The disease was first reported by American doctor Arnold in 1972. Later, similar reports have increased. For this reason, the United States held an AMBD symposium.

Cause

The main causes of ADHD are the following.

1. Mild brain tissue damage: such as viral infection during pregnancy, medication, neonatal asphyxia, birth injury, cerebral hypoxia caused by various causes, brain damage, etc.

2. Genetic factors.

3. Abnormal neurotransmitter metabolism in the brain, lack of dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine.

4, vitamin deficiency, food allergy, glucose metabolism disorders.

5, psychological factors: related to poor family environment and educational methods, such as family members are nervous, lack of warmth, or excessively demanding, rude or excessive love for children, all-inclusive, or improper corporal punishment or discrimination in schools, etc. .

6, related to the lack of trace elements or poisoning, such as iron deficiency, zinc, magnesium and manganese, and lead poisoning are related to the onset of ADHD.

Genetic factors are one of the main causes of adult ADHD:

Some scholars have carried out family surveys, twin studies, adopted research on children with ADHD, and believe that the disease is related to genetic factors, and pointed out that genetic factors play a more important role in the pathogenesis of ADHD than environmental factors. According to investigations by domestic scholars, among the 51 patients, the cause of genetic factors was 36.4%, and among the families with genetic factors, 33 suffered from mental and neuropathy, of which 16 cases had ADHD. Followed by schizophrenia, and most of the first-degree relatives (30 cases). It has been reported that among 20 children with ADHD, their parents have a history of hyperactivity in childhood, brothers and sisters have a history of hyperkinesia, and 15 of them have rickets, neurosis, and night snoring, accounting for three-quarters.

an examination

The diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD are currently not uniform. Some scholars have suggested the following four points for reference:

1 In the early years, there were learning difficulties and not paying attention.

2 adulthood has severe anxiety, depression or similar symptoms.

3 There was a very significant improvement in symptoms after imipramine.

4 The mental condition examination is characterized by a rapid increase in speech rate and a subjective change, but there is no obvious psychotic thinking.

Differential diagnosis

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is also known as hyperactivity syndrome in children. Children with ADHD are short for children with hyperactivity syndrome. Children with hyperactivity syndrome, mild brain dysfunction syndrome, is a more common childhood behavior disorder syndrome. The child's intelligence is normal or close to normal, too much activity, inattention, emotional instability, impulsiveness, poor self-control, and varying degrees of learning difficulties.

Children with hyperactivity syndrome is a more common childhood behavior disorder syndrome, also known as "slight brain dysfunction syndrome", "pediatric hyperactivity disorder". The disease is characterized by hyperactivity, difficulty in concentration, emotional instability and impulsivity. There are different levels of learning difficulties, but the child's intelligence is normal or basically normal. The boy is more than a girl, more common in school-age children. The incidence has a certain relationship with heredity, environment, and birth injury. The vast majority of children with this disease gradually improved after puberty. The disease belongs to the category of "incitement", "forgetfulness" and "deafness" of traditional Chinese medicine.

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