Masseter hypertrophy

Introduction Masseter muscle hypertrophy, also known as masseter muscle benign hypertrophy, is not uncommon in oriental ethnic faces. There is less case of simple masseter muscle hypertrophy, and most of the clinical masseter muscle fat is accompanied by mandibular angle hypertrophy. The reasons for the mandibular angle hypertrophy are still unclear, but include: masseter muscle, diaphragm muscle, pterygoid muscle, and pterygoid muscle. Therefore, the occurrence of masseter muscle hypertrophy is generally related to people's chewing habits and eating habits, such as eating hard foods or eating snacks and eating chewing gum. It is also believed that masseter muscle hypertrophy is related to genetic factors, and clinically there is a phenomenon of familial masseter muscle hypertrophy. With the penetration of Western aesthetics, the shaping of hypertrophic mandible and hypertrophic masseter has become a hot spot for facial contouring. At present, clinically, there are many methods for treating benign masseteric hypertrophy. In view of the clear curative effect, surgical resection and botulinum toxin injection are still used for the treatment of benign masseteric hypertrophy. Clinically, the removal of hypertrophic masseter muscles is relatively rare. For example, the masseter muscle is indeed hypertrophic. In general, most of the masseter muscles are removed while removing the mandibular angle.

Cause

The masseter muscle is located outside the mandibular ascending branch of the mandibular angle, in front of the parotid gland, and partially covered by the parotid gland. The size, function, shape and facial contour of the masseter muscle are clearly related. The masseter muscle, which is the source of power for mandibular movement, is an extremely important part of the chewing activity that integrates complex, multi-directional and endurance. Through the study of the distribution of the muscles of the masseter muscle, the ability of the masseter to control the joint force of the strong teeth and the ability to maintain the mandibular posture and adjust the fine jaw movement are proved. Benign hypertrophy of the masseter muscle (often accompanied by mandibular angle hypertrophy) can be congenital masseteric hypertrophy or acquired, and can be either side or bilateral. Chewing food on one side of the teeth is often used, resulting in a benign hypertrophy on one side of the masseter. During puberty, the mandible is highly malleable, and the muscles are also in the developmental stage. The masseter muscles on both sides are overdeveloped, leading to mandibular angle hypertrophy and eclipse in adulthood.

an examination

Related inspection

Molybdenum target X-ray examination blood routine

1, preoperative examination

First of all, from the appearance point of view, the general shape of the patient with masseter muscle hypertrophy is nearly square, so it is also known as the "square face". Check the patient's closed mouth and simultaneously touch the bilateral masseter muscle at the mandibular angle, feeling the contraction range of the masseter muscle and the thickness of the masseter. The masseter muscle of patients with masseter muscle hypertrophy can clearly feel the large mass of the masseter and the thickening of the masseter muscle. In the examination of the masseter muscle, attention should be paid to the degree of mandibular angle hypertrophy and whether the mandibular angle has valgus.

2, X-ray and CT examination

Mainly check the hypertrophy of the mandible and mandibular angle, the degree of development of the masseter muscle can not be shown on the X-ray film. X-ray examination can be used to determine the degree of hypertrophy of the mandible by taking the "surface tomography" and "skull lateral position" films. However, X-ray films can not be used as routine examinations before surgery. CT reconstruction can visually display a three-dimensional image of the jaw bone while showing the thickness of the masseter muscle.

3, other preoperative routine examination

Blood routine examination, urine routine examination, chest examination and electrocardiogram examination.

Differential diagnosis

It can be distinguished from the mandibular angle valgus.

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