Increased varus angle in elbow extension

Introduction The elbow varus elbow joint extension varus angle is significantly increased. Due to congenital or acquired factors, the axis of the ulna shifts to the medial side, and the carrier angle <0° is called elbow varus, which is generally caused by various traumas. Poor reduction after fracture, medial bone compression, separation of the lateral side of the fracture, and internal rotation of the fracture are the main causes of the distal end of the fracture. Distal humerus separation and internal iliac crest injury: This injury is prone to premature osteogenesis or ischemic necrosis of the humerus, which causes the sacral growth to slow or stop, leading to cubit varus.

Cause

1. Supracondylar fracture of the humerus: the most common cause, accounting for about 80% of the entire cubit varus. It has been reported that the incidence of humeral humeral fractures and cubitus varus can reach 30% to 57%. Most scholars believe that the cause is due to the inclination of the distal end of the fracture to the medial side. Studies have shown that poor post-fracture reduction, medial bone compression, separation of the lateral side of the fracture, and distal rotation of the fracture are the main causes of the distal end of the fracture.

2. Distal humerus total osteophyte separation and internal iliac crest injury: This injury is prone to osteophyte occlusion or ischemic necrosis of the humerus, which causes the sacral growth to slow or stop, leading to cubit varus.

3. The humerus internal malleolus fracture was poorly restored.

4. Old elbow dislocation.

an examination

Related inspection

Visual examination of bone and joint and soft tissue CT examination with synovial fluid

The varus angle of the elbow joint is obviously increased, reaching 15°~35°. The triangular joint of the elbow is changed, and the distance between the external malleolus and the olecranon is widened. Generally, the elbow joint activity is normal, but the muscle strength is weakened to varying degrees.

It can be measured on X-ray photographs: it can show the angle of elbow varus from the measurement, that is, the angle between the longitudinal axis of the tibia and the longitudinal axis of the ulna. In normal, the elbow joint has a carrying angle of 10°-15° (that is, it is everted. ); when the elbow is turned inward, the angle becomes inwardly turned.

Differential diagnosis

Elbow joint can not flex: When the elbow flexion of the elbow or the joint dislocation, the elbow joint can not flex, the forearm is straight and drooping, and the upper limb can not do the life movement of the flexion forearm, such as not washing the face, eating, etc. Immediately after the dislocation of the elbow, the patient feels severe pain and cannot flex the elbow joint, and swelling can occur.

Dislocation of the elbow: accounting for half of the total dislocation of the four major joints. The lower end of the humerus, which constitutes the elbow joint, is thick inside and outside, and is thin and flat before and after. The lateral side has strong ligament protection, and the front and back of the joint capsule are quite weak. The movement of the elbow joint is mainly flexion and extension. The ulnar coronoid process is smaller than the olecranon. Therefore, the ability to move backwards against the ulna is less than the ability to move forward.

Therefore, dislocation of the ankle joint is much more common than dislocation in other directions. Fresh dislocation is not diagnosed with obvious dysfunction after early diagnosis and proper treatment. Failure to get timely and correct treatment in the early stages may lead to severe dysfunction in the late stage. At this time, no matter how careful treatment, it is difficult to restore normal functions, but only to achieve different levels of functional improvement. It occurs mostly in adolescents, and adults and children also occur from time to time. Due to the complex type of elbow dislocation, often combined with other structural injuries in the elbow, attention should be paid to the diagnosis and treatment to prevent misdiagnosis.

Elbow joint deformity: The elbow joint is one of the most stable joints of the human body. The stability of the elbow joint depends on the integrity of the joint structure. The maximum flexion and extension can reach 160°, the pre-rotation can reach 85°, and the supination is about 80. °, the pulley and the long axis of the humerus at 6 ° valgus angle, and the intercondylar axis with an internal rotation angle of 5 ° ~ 7 °, elbow joint flexion and extension axis in front of the midline of the humerus and the humeral shaft to form an angle of 40 °. Elbow joint dislocation, fracture and other reasons can lead to elbow joint deformity.

The varus angle of the elbow joint is obviously increased, reaching 15°~35°. The triangular joint of the elbow is changed, and the distance between the external malleolus and the olecranon is widened. Generally, the elbow joint activity is normal, but the muscle strength is weakened to varying degrees. The elbow varus angle can be measured from the radiograph.

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