Motor aphasia

Introduction Sports aphasia (Broca aphasia) is characterized by oral expression disorder, and listening comprehension is relatively good, accompanied by retelling, naming, and writing disorders. The lesion mainly involves the dominant hemisphere Broca area (posterior and posterior). There is no articulation tendon, but the loss of verbal ability or the ability to speak only individual words is equally difficult to repeat and write. Most of the neurological examinations have different degrees of right limb hemiplegia. There may be intentional motor disability in the left hand. Symptoms are rare, such as presence and weight, suggesting that deep structures are damaged. Most of the lesions were in the dominant hemisphere frontal lobe, the Croca area, the frontal forehead, and the Brodmann4 area.

Cause

The main hemisphere is the posterior part of the forehead, the motor language center or its fibrous lesions. The third frontal gyrus of the left hemisphere of the brain (44, 45) is the center of spoken language. When it is damaged, it loses its ability to speak. It is called Broca aphasia to commemorate Paul Broca. It is characterized by obvious language expression difficulties, while listening comprehension and reading comprehension are normal, so it is also called sports aphasia or non-fluent aphasia.

Sports aphasia (Broca aphasia) is characterized by oral expression disorder, relatively good listening comprehension, and non-fluent spoken language. Less expressive vocabulary (less than 50 words per minute), difficulty in speaking, difficulty in pronunciation and intonation, and difficulty in finding words. Because the amount of language is limited to substantive words and lack of grammatical structure, it is telegraph language; oral comprehension is relatively good. It is difficult to understand grammar and order words, such as the difference between "dogs are bigger than horses and horses"; retelling, naming reading and writing are all damaged to varying degrees. There is no articulation tendon, but the loss of verbal ability or the ability to speak only individual words is equally difficult to repeat and write. Most of the neurological examinations have different degrees of right limb hemiplegia.

There may be intentional motor disability in the left hand. Symptoms are rare, such as presence and weight, suggesting that deep structures are damaged. Most of the lesions were in the dominant hemisphere frontal lobe, the Croca area, the frontal forehead, and the Brodmann4 area.

an examination

Related inspection

Brain CT examination language examination

Although the patient did not have a problem with the vocal organs, he lost the ability to speak. The patient still retains the ability to understand others, as well as writing and reading. The third frontal gyrus of the left hemisphere of the brain (44, 45) is the center of spoken language. When it is damaged, it loses its ability to speak. It is called Broca aphasia to commemorate Paul Broca. It is characterized by obvious language expression difficulties, while listening comprehension and reading comprehension are normal, so it is also called sports aphasia or non-fluent aphasia.

Differential diagnosis

Hysteric aphasia: also known as psychoacoustic or functional aphasia, is a temporary vocal disorder caused by obvious psychological factors, more common, clinical manifestations: sudden loss of voice or only whisper, crying or coughing Often normal, the vocal cords are in the outreach position under the laryngoscope, and the deep inhalation is even worse. The vocal cords can be adducted when laughing or coughing. When the "i" is sent, the vocal cords often cannot reach the midline position, or the vocal cords are just close together. Repeated exhibitions.

Sports aphasia: also known as expressive aphasia, Broca aphasia, non-fluent aphasia, etc., due to the superior side of the back of the back of the cover and the triangular cortex, that is, speech sports central lesions, patients can not speak at all Or can only speak 1 or 2 simple words and are not fluent, use inappropriate words, but understand the words of others, know the words of the wrong words, understand the things written, but have difficulty and mistakes in reading them. And more with a side hemiplegia.

Sensory aphasia is also known as Wernicke aphasia: receptive aphasia, posterior aphasia. The lesion is located in the superior hemisphere, the left Wernicke region and the adjacent inferior parietal cortex, and is supplied by the lower branch of the left middle cerebral artery.

Language barriers: Language and speech are not synonymous. Language is a complex cognitive psychology activity unique to human beings. It refers to the ability to communicate through the application of symbols, including the use (expression) and acceptance (understanding) of symbols. Symbols include auditory symbols (speech), pattern symbols (written characters), and motion symbols (gestures), etc., and the application or acceptance of these symbols is impeded or deviated, which is a language disorder.

Language barrier performance:

1. Fluent aphasia: The patient speaks fluently, has a lot of vocabulary, and is even vocal, with normal pronunciation and intonation. However, the words lacking substantial meaning in the words are often mixed with idioms, new words or small functional words, lacking words of specific meaning, that is, multilingualism; at the same time, it is difficult to understand the meaning of their expression, that is, gibberish. The grammatical structure, pronunciation, and rhythm are normal. The hearing is normal, but there are serious obstacles to understanding.

2. There are many differences in rehearsal obstacles: some can completely and accurately repeat the words, phrases, simple sentences, complex sentences, irrelevant phrases, etc. that the examiner said. Some of them are difficult to repeat long compound sentences, and serious cases can hardly be repeated. Regardless of the degree of aphasia, patients generally do not understand the content of the retelling.

3. Severe naming disorders: can not be improved after giving a hint. Reading and understanding of words is often difficult, but some patients can have written conversations. Although writing skills can be maintained, dictation and spontaneous writing are difficult, and strokes are wrong, and the contents of transcription cannot be understood. Can be accompanied by loss of reading and loss of writing.

Although the patient did not have a problem with the vocal organs, he lost the ability to speak. The patient still retains the ability to understand others, as well as writing and reading.

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