Transient global amnesia

Introduction Transient generalized amnesia (TGA) is a syndrome. Called the insanity with forgetting. In 1958, Fisher and Adam were officially named TGA. It is characterized by transient retrograde forgetting and is often relieved within 24 hours. This disease generally has no aura symptoms, often suddenly onset, mainly showing memory loss, short-term not getting new knowledge, and varying degrees of retrograde forgetting. Immediate memory and far memory remain good, self-knowledge and personality exist, there is no high-grade cortical dysfunction, and patients can answer correctly and correctly. However, there may be a time-disordered disorder, sometimes the patient goes out and happens, often "missing" for hours because he cannot remember the home address.

Cause

The cause of transient general forgetting:

The exact etiology and pathogenesis of TGA is still unknown, and no pathological report of TGA has been reported. It is generally believed that the posterior cerebral artery and the vertebral artery insufficiency are common causes of TGA. There are many incentives for this disease. There are reports in the literature that there are triggering events in the history of half of TGA patients. Emotional changes are a common cause of TGA. The literature reports depression-induced TGA. Others have surgery and head trauma.

an examination

Related inspection

Brain nerve examination brain CT examination EEG sharp wave

Examination and diagnosis of transient comprehensive forgetting:

Diagnosis is based primarily on its unique clinical manifestations. At present, foreign countries generally accept the four diagnostic criteria proposed by Caplan [19]: 1 there should be witnesses at the time of attack; 2 dysfunction at the time of attack is limited to repeated inquiry and forgetting; 3 memory loss is transient, usually lasts for several hours until 1 day; 4 no other important neurological symptoms and signs.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of transient and comprehensive forgetting confusion:

The disease should be differentiated from snoring, temporal lobe epilepsy, migraine and other metabolic, infectious, hypoxic, carbon monoxide toxic encephalopathy and hypoglycemia, memory disorders caused by Korsloff syndrome.

Hysteria: Also known as hysteria. It is a type of mental disorder caused by mental factors, such as major life events, inner conflicts, emotional excitement, suggestiveness or self-suggestion, acting on susceptible individuals. Mainly manifested as a variety of physical symptoms, reduced range of consciousness, selective forgetting or mental outbreaks and other mental symptoms, but no corresponding organic damage as a pathological basis.

Temporal lobe epilepsy: The sacral epilepsy caused by basal epilepsy in the anterior temporal lobe is called temporal lobe epilepsy and is representative of localized epilepsy.

Migraine: Migraine is a type of periodic attack that has a family-like predisposition. A paroxysmal pulsatile headache with nausea, vomiting, and shame, recurring after a period of rest. Headache relieves in a quiet, dark environment or after sleep. It can be accompanied by neurological and mental dysfunction before or during a headache.

Carbon monoxide poisoning: Carbon monoxide poisoning is a product in which the products containing incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials are inhaled by the respiratory tract to cause poisoning. The mechanism of poisoning is that the affinity of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin is 200-300 times higher than that of oxygen and hemoglobin. Therefore, carbon monoxide is easily combined with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which causes hemoglobin to lose its ability to carry oxygen and cause tissue asphyxia. It has toxic effects on whole body tissue cells, especially on the cerebral cortex. When people realize that carbon monoxide poisoning has occurred, it is often too late. Because the cerebral cortex that controls the movement of the human body is the first to suffer from paralysis, it is impossible to achieve a purposeful voluntary movement. The hands and feet are not listening. Therefore, carbon monoxide poisoning people are often unable to carry out effective self-help.

Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia, also known as hypoglycemia, is a group of clinical syndromes caused by a low concentration of blood glucose (referred to as blood glucose) caused by multiple causes. When the blood glucose concentration (plasma true sugar, the same below) is lower than 2.78 mmol / (50 mg / dl), it can be considered as hypoglycemia, but there is a large difference in clinical symptoms. When the blood sugar is too low, the damage to the body is mainly caused by the nervous system, mainly sympathetic nerve stimulation and brain dysfunction syndrome. Early treatment with glucose can be quickly relieved, otherwise it can cause irreversible damage to the brain and even life-threatening. The cause of hypoglycemia is complicated. In non-diabetics, the most common cause is unexplained functional hypoglycemia. Insulinoma is the most common cause of organic hypoglycemia. Other common causes are endocrine disease hypoglycemia. Hepatogenic hypoglycemia, etc., hereditary liver enzymes are more common in infants and young children, and rare in adults.

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