Cystic breast hyperplasia

Introduction This disease is one of the common and frequently-occurring diseases in women. It is more common in women aged 25-45 years. It is essentially a disorder of normal breast structure caused by physiological hyperplasia and incompleteness. In China, cystic changes are rare, mostly glandular hyperplasia, so it is called "mammary hyperplasia". The World Health Organization (WHO) collectively refers to "benign breast dysplasia." The risk of malignant transformation is 2 to 4 times higher than that of normal women. Clinical signs and symptoms are sometimes mixed with breast cancer. More thought to be related to endocrine disorders and mental factors.

Cause

The cause of this disease is not yet fully understood. At present, it is believed to be related to endocrine disorders and mental factors. Lutein secretion is reduced, estrogen is relatively increased, an important cause of this disease. Mainly for the benign hyperplasia of the mammary gland, hyperplasia can occur around the glandular duct with cysts of varying sizes, or in the glandular duct, which is characterized by epithelial papillary hyperplasia with cystic ductal expansion. In addition, there is a type of lobular parenchymal hyperplasia.

an examination

Related inspection

Breast ultrasound examination of breast examination

It is common for unilateral or bilateral breast pain or tenderness. The course of disease ranges from 2 months to several years. Most patients have the characteristics of periodic pain, which occurs or worsens in the premenstrual period, and reduces or disappears after menstruation. It must be noted that although the periodicity of breast pain is a typical manifestation of this disease, the lack of this feature does not negate the existence of the lesion.

Differential diagnosis

Cystic hyperplasia of the breast needs to be identified as follows:

1. Mammary gland hyperplasia and breast fibroadenoma: Both breast lumps can be seen, single or multiple, and the texture is tough. Breast lumps of mammary gland hyperplasia are mostly bilateral, with different sizes of tumors, nodular, patchy or granular. The texture is generally soft and can be hard and tough, occasionally single-sided, but more Accompanied by anterior breast pain, it is also painful to touch, and the size and trait of breast lumps can change periodically with menstruation. The age of onset is mostly young and middle-aged. The breast lumps of breast fibroadenomas are mostly single-sided. Hair, the mass is mostly round or oval, the boundary is clear, the activity is large, the texture is generally tough, and there are many people, but generally there is no breast pain, or only mild menstrual breast discomfort, no tenderness, The size and size of the breast lumps do not change due to the menstrual cycle. The patients are mostly under 30 years old, and the most common is 20 to 25 years old. In addition, on the mammographic mammogram of the breast, breast fibroadenomas often show a circular or oval density uniform shadow and its unique circular transparent halo, which can also be used as an important basis for differential diagnosis.

2. Mammary gland hyperplasia and breast cancer: both breast lumps can be seen. However, the breast mass of mammary gland hyperplasia is generally soft, or moderately hard. The mass is mostly bilateral and varies in size. It can be nodular, lumpy or granular, with no adhesion to the skin and surrounding tissues. Size traits often change with menstrual cycle and mood changes, and the growth of the mass is slow, which occurs in young and middle-aged women. The breast mass of breast cancer is generally hard, some are hard as stones, and most of the masses are single-sided, lumps. It can be round, oval or irregular, can grow to a large extent, has poor mobility, and easily adheres to the skin and surrounding tissues. The mass has nothing to do with the menstrual cycle and mood changes, and can rapidly increase in a short time. Occurs in middle-aged women.

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