Symptom >> Internal Medicine >> Cardiology

Heartbeat

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction A heartbeat is a mess that refers to a heartbeat that is faster or slower than the general range. Cardiac tachycardia, bradycardia or arrhythmia caused by abnormal autonomic or conduction disorders; mental stress, heavy smoking, drinking, drinking tea or coffee, excessive fatigue, severe insomnia, etc., often arrhythmogenic predisposing factors; Disorders are particularly common in patients with heart disease, and often occur during anesthesia, surgery, or surgery.

Cause

Cause

1, metabolic abnormalities: electrolyte imbalance (such as: potassium, sodium, calcium), endocrine disorders (for example: hyperthyroidism).

2, emotions: especially in emotional excitement, due to the impact of the endocrine system will produce arrhythmia.

3, heart disease: ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease), rheumatic heart disease, myocarditis, myocardial disease, and congenital heart disease.

4, drugs: In addition to some drugs may cause arrhythmia, caffeine in coffee, nicotine in cigarettes, and alcohol, when a certain dose, will also cause arrhythmia.

Examine

an examination

1, palpitations (a heartbeat that the patient can feel is faster and heavier).

2, the heartbeat is slow.

3, irregular heartbeat.

4. The heart pauses between heartbeats.

Arrhythmia caused by serious diseases, often accompanied by some symptoms, common dizziness, chest tightness, chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, pale face, cold limbs, convulsions, coma and so on. A slight arrhythmia can still work and learn as usual.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

Heart Beat Jump: A sudden heartbeat in addition to a regular heartbeat is called premature beat (premature beat). It can be asymptomatic in premature beats, or it can have a heart palpitations or a heartbeat pause. Frequent premature beats reduce the amount of cardiac output, which may cause fatigue, dizziness and chest tightness when the blood supply to the brain is insufficient, and may increase the original angina or heart failure. When you measure the pulse by hand, you can find pulse instability, early jump or "leak jump". Premature beats can occur occasionally or frequently. Premature beats can occur in patients of any age.

Apical beats diffuse: Myocarditis, in addition to apical beats often weakened with apex beats. Myocarditis is a localized or diffuse inflammation of the heart muscle that can occur primarily in the heart muscle or as part of a systemic disease.

Fast heartbeat: Normal heart rate should be between 60 and 90 beats per minute, and athletes' heart rate may be slightly slower. The mechanism for controlling the speed of a person's heartbeat is as follows: there is a sinus node at the root of the aorta, which spontaneously emits electrical stimulation, and transmits the current to the myocardium through the conduction of the conduction beam, causing myocardial contraction. At the same time, the medulla in the central nervous system is the heartbeat center, which emits a sympathetic nerve that accelerates the heartbeat and a vagus nerve that slows the heartbeat. Usually, the sympathetic and vagus nerves are in equilibrium. In an emergency, the sympathetic nerves are excited, and the heartbeat is accelerated, so that the blood pumped by the heart increases every minute, and more blood is supplied to the whole body to cope with the crisis. At night, the vagus nerve is excited. To slow down the heartbeat, the heart reduces blood supply to the whole body.

Rapid supraventricular arrhythmia: It is a common clinical cardiovascular emergency, including various supraventricular tachycardia and atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. The virus infection, myocardial, inflammatory edema, immune allergic cell necrosis, massive fibrous tissue hyperplasia, interstitial capillary fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis and other pathological changes, in line with the traditional Chinese medicine heat poisoning lungs, lungs The function of the down-regulation is dysfunctional, the wet and dry sputum, the qi and blood running abnormally, and finally the pathological changes of the phlegm obstruction. Therefore, from the perspective of Chinese medicine, the disease is considered to be the evidence of the virtual standard, and the imaginary is secondary and the standard is the main.