Purple-red ecchymosis around the calf and ankle

Introduction The purplish red ecchymosis around the calf and ankle is one of the clinical manifestations of varicose vein syndrome, and the varicose syndrome (veneousvaricosesyndrome) includes a group of diseases such as varicose veins, venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis and calf varicose ulcers. The disease is related to genetic factors. The incidence of long-term standing or heavy physical labor is high. Any situation that increases the internal pressure of the iliac vein, such as pregnancy, abdominal cavity or pelvic giant tumor, can be caused. As the skin is deprived of oxygen and resistance, plus trauma and infection, it can promote ulcers.

Cause

Cause:

The disease is related to genetic factors. The incidence of long-term standing or heavy physical labor is high. Any situation that increases the internal pressure of the iliac vein, such as pregnancy, abdominal cavity or pelvic giant tumor, can be caused.

Pathogenesis:

When the capillary pressure rises and the normal blood circulation motility is disordered, it may cause edema, capillary damage or rupture, and erythrocyte exudation causes venous insufficiency or stagnation dermatitis. As the skin is deprived of oxygen and resistance, plus trauma and infection, it can promote ulcers.

an examination

Related inspection

Deep vein patency test routine examination of synovial fluid visual inspection of cardiac output (CO)

1. Varicose veins of the lower extremities: more common middle-aged men over 40 years old and long standing workers. There are magenta ecchymoses and hemosiderin deposits of varying sizes around the calf and ankle joints. The veins of the varicose veins are dilated and twisted and appear braided. The skin is easy to be accompanied by eczema-like changes, such as desquamation, hypertrophy, etc., that is, venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis is easy to secondary phlebitis, erysipelas and even periostitis, elephantiasis.

2. Varicose ulcers: due to stasis of varicose veins, edema of surrounding tissues, obstruction of small arteries and lymphatic vessels, plus trauma or infection, a varicose ulcer is often found in the anterior and medial malleolus of the calf. The lesion is a small number of isolated, round or non-shaped coin-sized ulcers with neat or irregular edges, granulation slow growth, pale, fat-like or fibrous-like moss-like coverings and serous secretions on the surface, sometimes necrosis on the surface. Hard skin around the skin can be gradually extended to the ankle or up to the knee. If you have a slight pain and itching, such as a marginal neuroma, you may have thrombophlebitis in the late stage of paroxysmal pain.

Complications: Thrombophlebitis often occurs in the advanced stage.

Differential diagnosis

diagnosis:

According to the clinical manifestations can be diagnosed, that is, only the calf varicose veins in the early stage, followed by venous insufficiency or stasis dermatitis, and the formation of varicose ulcers in the late stage.

Differential diagnosis:

1. Freckled ring: The ecchymotic ring is one of the typical symptoms of the target hemosiderin-bearing hemangiomas. The disease is a subtype of a single hemangioma. Tumors that occur from vascular tissue are called hemangiomas, of which 80% are congenital. Hemangiomas are benign, slow-growing, and rarely malignant.

2. Skin bleeding spots: extensive or localized skin, submucosal hemorrhage, red or dark red spots forming skin mucosa, about 3 - 5 mm or more in diameter, more than 5 mm is called ecchymosis.

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