Increased cell infection

Introduction Cytomegalovirus infection is a sexually transmitted disease caused by cytomegalovirus (cmv). The cytomegalovirus is a DNA virus. The characteristic lesions are increased infection cells, and eosinophilic and alkalophilic inclusion bodies appear in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. CMV infections are distributed throughout the world and humans are the sole host of CMV. Different countries and different economic conditions have different infection rates. Adult CMV infection is closely related to immune function. The clinical manifestations alone cannot diagnose CMV infection, and the virus is isolated from clinical specimens. At the same time, the antibody exhibits a 4-fold increase or a sustained increase in antibody titer, which will be helpful for diagnosis.

Cause

Cytomegalovirus (cmv) causes eosinophilic and alkalophilic inclusion bodies to appear in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. The cell is constantly exchanged with its surrounding environment or adjacent cells through its surface, so that it must have sufficient surface area, otherwise its metabolism will be difficult to carry out. When the volume of the cells gradually increases due to growth, the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the cells becomes smaller and smaller, resulting in insufficient surface area, so that the exchange of substances inside and outside the cells cannot adapt to the needs of the cells.

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The clinical manifestations of this disease vary from systemic giant cell inclusion disease to neonatal and infantile stages. The splenomegaly, splenomegaly, microcephaly, and intracranial calcification are seen.

The clinical manifestations alone cannot diagnose CMV infection, and the virus is isolated from clinical specimens. At the same time, the antibody exhibits a 4-fold increase or a sustained increase in antibody titer, which will be helpful for diagnosis.

First, the virus is separated

It is best to use saliva, urine, genital secretions, milk and white blood cells to inoculate and separate into human fibroblasts. Cytopathic effect (CPE) appears after 1 or weeks, after fixation and HE staining. Giant cells can be observed, inner inclusion bodies in the nucleus, perinuclear halo and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions, much like the owl's eye can also be fluorescently stained with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. Method check.

Second, serum antibody testing

The most commonly used CMV-IgG and IgM antibodies are detected by complement binding assay (CF), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF), immunoenzyme assay (EIA), indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), and radioimmunoassay (RIA). When a single serum sample has been determined to have a previous CMV infection, serum samples should be left immediately, and serum samples should be kept at intervals of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Combined with virus isolation, the primary infection diagnosis can be made.

Third, DNA probe

It has been widely used to detect CMV, with 32P-labeled probes being the most sensitive, and for some specimens, hybridization methods may be more sensitive than virus isolation.

4. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Differential diagnosis

The clinical manifestations of this disease vary from systemic giant cell inclusion disease to neonatal and infantile stages. The splenomegaly, splenomegaly, microcephaly, and intracranial calcification are seen. Should pay attention to the identification of toxoplasmosis septicemia, congenital biliary obstruction, infantile hepatitis, systemic herpes simplex, congenital leukemia, congenital rubella syndrome.

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