Lack of trace elements

Introduction The disease caused by insufficient intake of trace elements in the human body is called micronutrient deficiency. For example, zinc is one of the important essential trace elements in the human body. It has many physiological functions. Zinc is involved in the synthesis of more than 90 enzymes. It is related to more than 200 enzyme activities. Zinc deficiency can lead to a variety of physiological dysfunction. Conversely, diseases caused by excessive intake of trace elements are called excessive trace elements and trace element poisoning. Most of the trace elements enter the human body through the gastrointestinal tract along with food and drinking water, but there are also many through the respiratory tract or skin (atmospheric or industrial contact), especially industrial occupational exposure.

Cause

Reasons for the lack of trace elements:

(1) Sources, absorption and excretion of trace elements The trace elements in the human body are mainly derived from food and drinking water, and some are derived from the polluted environment (factory three waste polluting the atmosphere and drinking water) or industrial occupational exposure.

(2) The content of most trace elements in animal foods is higher than that of plant foods, but the content of manganese in plant foods is higher. Fish and other seafood products, especially shellfish such as oysters, contain a variety of trace elements. Milk is a good source of zinc. However, iron, iodine, copper, etc. are less. The trace elements contained in rice and wheat are mainly in the germ and bran skin layers, and the content is significantly reduced after processing and refining.

(3) Most of the ways in which trace elements enter the human body are entered into the human body through the gastrointestinal tract along with food and drinking water, but there are also many through the respiratory tract or skin (atmospheric or industrial contact), especially industrial occupational contact. Become an increasingly important issue of labor hygiene.

an examination

Related inspection

Serum zinc (Zn) postprandial serum zinc concentration response test (PICR) trace element detection in human body

Diagnosis of trace element deficiency:

(1) Through the dietary census and dietary balance tests, the approximate range has been measured. Physiological requirements are related to age and physiological state of the body, such as children's growth and development, pregnancy and lactation, etc.

(b) It is related to the dietary composition. For example, certain food ingredients can promote the absorption of trace elements in the intestine while others can inhibit absorption. In addition, some of the trace elements in food are mostly absorbed in the intestine, while only some of the trace elements can be absorbed. For example, only 10% of the iron contained in various foods can be absorbed, so the daily physiological requirement is 1-2 mg, and the daily reasonable intake should be 10-18 mg.

(3) The physiological function and clinical significance of trace elements The essential trace elements maintain a relatively constant plasma level in the human body. Its main physiological functions are diverse. It participates in the composition of many metabolic enzymes, and it is a Extremely important catalysis.

1. If iron combines with protoporphyrin and globin to produce hemoglobin, it ensures the delivery of oxygen in the body.

2. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones, and chromium is essential for insulin to function.

Differential diagnosis

Diagnosis and identification of trace elements missing:

(1) Through the dietary census and dietary balance tests, the approximate range has been measured. Physiological requirements are related to age and physiological state of the body, such as children's growth and development, pregnancy and lactation, etc.

(b) It is related to the dietary composition. For example, certain food ingredients can promote the absorption of trace elements in the intestine while others can inhibit absorption. In addition, some of the trace elements in food are mostly absorbed in the intestine, while only some of the trace elements can be absorbed. For example, only 10% of the iron contained in various foods can be absorbed, so the daily physiological requirement is 1-2 mg, and the daily reasonable intake should be 10-18 mg. (3) The physiological function and clinical significance of trace elements The essential trace elements maintain a relatively constant plasma level in the human body. Its main physiological functions are diverse. It participates in the composition of many metabolic enzymes, and it is a Extremely important catalysis.

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