Sputum test negative

Introduction Secondary tuberculosis, also known as adult tuberculosis, is a child who has been infected with tuberculosis. After the primary lesion has been still or even healed, active tuberculosis occurs. There are two possibilities for the disease: one is the old Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the hair foci has become more active, causing re-ignition of the lesion, which is called endogenous recurrence. One is that the primary infection has been cured and the infection is caused by the external infection of tuberculosis, which is called exogenous heavy infection. Recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis is more common in older children and adolescents over the age of 12, the main type of disease is invasive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Cause

Due to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis, commonly known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the causative agent of tuberculosis. It can invade all organs of the body, but tuberculosis is the most common. Tuberculosis is still an important infectious disease to this day. It is estimated that one third of the world's population is infected with M. tuberculosis. According to the WHO, about 8 million new cases occur each year, and at least 3 million people die from the disease. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the death rate reached 200-300 people per 100,000, ranking first among the causes of death of various diseases. After the founding of the People's Republic, the people's living standards improved and the health status improved. In particular, group prevention and treatment were carried out. Children were generally vaccinated with BCG and tuberculosis. Morbidity and mortality are greatly reduced. However, it should be noted that in some parts of the world, the incidence rate has increased due to AIDS, drug use, the use of immunosuppressive agents, alcoholism and poverty.

an examination

Related inspection

General examination of lung biopsy sputum

Pulmonary examination can diagnose the dull sound when the lesion is large. The local breath sound is rough, reduced or bronchoalveolar sound during auscultation, and sometimes small and medium blisters can be heard. X-ray examination showed a round, flaky or agglomerated shadow, mostly located in the upper part of the lung. Unlike primary pulmonary tuberculosis, hilar lymph nodes are not enlarged; invasive lesions are prone to liquefaction, and then extensive bronchial disseminated lesions can occur in one or both of the lungs. A lesion with a higher circular density of more than 1.5 cm in diameter is called a tuberculoma or a cheese ball. Diagnosis According to clinical symptoms and X-ray findings, more than half of the TB can be found in sputum.

Differential diagnosis

Invasive lesions of infiltrating pulmonary tuberculosis need to be differentiated from various pneumonia and pulmonary mycosis; cavitary lesions should be differentiated from lung abscess, pulmonary cyst, and pulmonary hydatid disease; tuberculoma should be associated with lung abscess, arteriovenous fistula, and lung Different benign and malignant tumors are distinguished.

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