Dehydration of nucleus pulposus

Introduction The degeneration of the nucleus pulposus is mainly characterized by a decrease in water content and a small range of pathological changes such as loosening and loosening due to dehydration. After dehydration, the intervertebral disc loses its normal elasticity and tension, and on this basis, it is heavier. Injury or repeated inconspicuous injury, resulting in weak or broken fibrous rings, prominent nucleus pulposus. Various tissues of the human body are degraded, in poor living habits and work habits. Lumbar disc herniation has the highest incidence of lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-1, accounting for 95%.

Cause

Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common diseases, mainly because the lumbar intervertebral disc parts (nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and cartilage board), especially the nucleus pulposus, have different degrees of degenerative changes, under the influence of external factors The annulus of the intervertebral disc ruptures, and the nucleus pulposus protrudes (or detaches) from the rupture in the posterior or spinal canal, causing stimulation or compression of the adjacent spinal nerve root, resulting in lumbar pain, numbness and pain in one lower limb or both lower limbs. Wait for a series of clinical symptoms.

an examination

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Low back pain and radiation pain in one side of the lower extremity.

1. Lumbar X-ray: plain X-ray plain film can not directly reflect the presence of disc herniation, but X-ray film sometimes shows degenerative changes such as narrowing of intervertebral space and vertebral edge hyperplasia, which is an indirect suggestion, some patients There may be spinal column deflection and scoliosis. In addition, X-ray film can be found with or without bone disease, tumors and other bone diseases, with important differential diagnosis.

2. CT examination: It can clearly show the location, size, shape and nerve root and dural sac compression displacement of the disc, and can show the lamina and ligament hypertrophy, small joint hypertrophy, spinal canal And the stenosis of the lateral recess, etc., has a great diagnostic value for the disease, and has been widely used.

3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination: MRI has no radioactive damage and is of great significance for the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation. MRI can comprehensively observe whether the lumbar intervertebral disc is lesioned, and clearly show the morphology of intervertebral disc herniation and its relationship with the surrounding tissues such as dural sac and nerve root through different sagittal images and cross-sectional images of the intervertebral disc. In addition, it can be identified whether there are other space-occupying lesions in the spinal canal. However, the indication of whether the prominent intervertebral disc is calcified is not as good as CT examination.

Differential diagnosis

1. Lumbar disc herniation: that is, the annulus fibrosus is not completely ruptured, and the nucleus pulposus protrudes from the lesion to compress the nerve root.

2, lumbar disc herniation: the annulus fibrosus rupture, the nucleus pulposus squeezed out from the rupture, oppressing the nerve roots.

3, lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse: the annulus fibrosus rupture, the nucleus pulposus extruded from the rupture, break through the posterior longitudinal ligament, free to the spinal canal, oppress the nerve root spinal cord.

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