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Periodic leg movement during sleep

Introduction
Cause
Examine
Diagnosis

Introduction

Introduction The periodic leg movement during sleep is a rigid flexion movement, which is a recurring muscle contraction of the lower limbs during sleep. It is more common in the elderly, also known as nocturnal myoclonus. It can reach hundreds of times per night, about 2 seconds each time, so that patients are often awakened. It is one of the clinical features of restless legs syndrome. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is also known as hyperactive leg syndrome or restless leg syndrome. RLS can occur in all age groups, but it is more common in the 40-year-old. Symptoms mainly occur in the lower extremities, but can also affect the thighs and feet. They can be heavy on one side or limited to one lower limb, but the upper limbs and hands are rarely affected. A variety of painful sensations such as deep acid, numbness, worming, and itching are the main manifestations of the affected limb. Symptoms occur at rest, while working during the day, no symptoms appear during labor or exercise.

Cause

Cause

The pathogenesis and pathogenesis of this syndrome are not very clear. It is thought to be related to various factors such as nerve and spirit. Some people may be relieved from the symptoms of blood circulation caused by the onset of symptoms and the symptoms after exercise. It is related to the accumulation of tissue metabolites. Others believe that this syndrome is more common in peripheral neuropathy caused by anemia, diabetes, alcoholism and vitamin deficiency, so it is speculated to be related to metabolic disorders.

Chinese medicine believes that this disease is caused by the skin of the evil, stagnant veins, or yin deficiency, meridians, and skin dystrophy. Its disease is mainly in the meridian, skin, and heart, liver and kidney; its disease is the virtual standard. The disease has two types of primary and secondary. The primary cause is unknown, and children often have a family history. Secondary people have many nervous system diseases.

Examine

an examination

Related inspection

EEG polysomnography (PSG)

Diagnosis can be made based on clinical manifestations and characteristics.

Its main clinical manifestations are as follows.

1. Uneasy, often walk around when you are resting, or keep rubbing your legs. When you are lying in bed, you often turn over or shake your body.

2. Feeling abnormal, there is a crawling uncomfortable feeling in the deep thighs during rest, especially in the early morning and at night, often affected by both sides, forcing patients to move their legs frequently.

3. Periodic leg movement during sleep, which is a rigid flexion movement, and at least 40 leg movements occur during 6 hours of sleep.

4. Involuntary leg movement when waking up, involuntary flexion movement of the lower limb often occurs during rest in a lying position or sitting position.

5. Sleep disorders, often caused by insomnia due to abnormal feelings and leg movements.

6. Nighttime aggravation, although there may be abnormalities, leg movements and restlessness during the daytime rest, there is a clear tendency to aggravate at night.

Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis

(1), sedative can not (akathisia): mostly for long-term use of anti-psychotic drugs and anti-drugs, the adverse reactions, sometimes even a small amount can be used, patients often complain of their anxiety, legs and feet can not touch the ground, serious patients Often standing repeatedly, walking back and forth, the symptoms of the night are more obvious than during the day. Use anti-anxiety treatment is effective.

(2) Painful legs and moving toes: pain in the lower limbs and feet, accompanied by discomfort, characteristic involuntary movement of the toes, one or both limbs can appear. Abnormal pain can occur in the lower extremities of the patient and can often persist. The involuntary movement of the lower limbs is mainly manifested by the flexion of the toes and the internal and external rotation, the flexion and extension of the joints of the feet, and the nature and characteristics of the pain of restless leg syndrome. Common in spinal cord and nerve ending diseases such as heel pain, back pain, sciatica.

(3), acroperesthesia: numbness in the fingers and fingers in nighttime sleep, acupuncture-like pain, often awakened due to pain. Adult women are more common. Occurs at the end of the lower limbs.