White halo

Introduction White halo is also called cataract, which is called opacity of the lens.

Cause

Any cause such as aging, genetics, local dystrophies, immune and metabolic abnormalities, trauma, poisoning, radiation, etc., can cause metabolic disorders of the lens, resulting in lens protein denaturation and turbidity, leading to cataracts.

an examination

Related inspection

Eye examination eyesight

Bilateral, but the incidence of both eyes can be sequential. Vision is progressively reduced, and sometimes fixed black spots can be seen on a bright background. Due to the change of refractive power in different parts of the crystal, there may be multiple visions, single eye double vision, and increased myopia. Clinically, senile cataract is divided into three types: cortical, nuclear and subcapsular.

1. Cortical cataract is characterized by crystal cortical ash white turbidity. Its development process can be divided into four stages: initial stage, immature stage, mature stage and over-ripe stage.

2, nuclear cataract (nuclear cataract) Crystal opacity from the embryonic nucleus, gradually extended to the adult nucleus, early yellow, with the turbidity increased, the color gradually deepened as deep yellow, dark brown. The density of the nucleus increases and the refractive index increases. Patients often complain that the reduction of myopia or the increase of myopia. The early peripheral cortex is still transparent. Therefore, in the dark, the pupils have enlarged vision, while in strong light, the pupils shrink and the vision decreases. Therefore, generally do not wait for the cortex to completely turbid surgery.

3, posterior subcapsular cataract (posterior subcapsular cataract), because turbidity is located in the visual axis, early impact on vision.

Before cataract surgery, it should be understood whether the vitreous, retina, optic papilla, macular area is normal and choroidal lesions, and there will be a correct estimate of visual recovery after cataract surgery. With the A-type and B-mode ultrasound, you can understand the presence or absence of vitreous lesions, retinal detachment or intraocular mass, as well as the axial position of the axial length and dislocation. Electroretinogram (ERG) is of great value in evaluating retinal function. Patients with monocular cataract are excluded from macular degeneration and visual impairment caused by visual path disorders. Preoperative evoked potential (VEP) can be examined. In addition, visual interferometry can also be used to check the macular function of immature cataracts.

With the improvement of modern microsurgery, it is possible to perform cataract and intraocular lens implantation as an outpatient operation. At present, on the one hand, the astigmatism generated after surgery is controlled as much as possible, and on the other hand, the astigmatism before surgery is corrected during surgery. Use viscoelastic substances as much as possible during surgery to reduce damage to the endothelium and other tissues. The expansion of surgical indications, such as one-eyed, diabetic cataract can be implanted into the artificial lens. The technology of capsule technology, crystal nucleus and cortex treatment has been developed. The design, size and surface treatment of new artificial crystals have developed. Yellow artificial crystals are coming out in an attempt to improve the glare and visual field after general intraocular lens implantation. symptom. With the increasing popularity of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, laser emulsification will also be applied in clinical practice. The research and development of injectable intraocular lens will definitely make cataract surgery a new level.

Differential diagnosis

Lens protein escape: lens protein escape is a pre-symptom of lens protein allergic glaucoma.

Lens shift: Under normal conditions, the lens is suspended by the lens suspensory ligament on the ciliary body, and its center is almost identical to the visual axis. The partial or total loss or disconnection of the lens suspensory ligament due to congenital, traumatic or pathological causes, etc., causes the suspension force imbalance or loss of the lens to cause the lens to leave the normal physiological position called ectopia lentis. The degree of ligament defect or disconnection (partial or complete) lens ectopic is divided into subluxation and liberation/dislocation; according to the cause of lens ectopic, it is divided into congenital, spontaneous and traumatic.

Lens glaucoma: Lens glaucoma is one of the symptoms of primary acute angle-closure glaucoma.

Bilateral, but the incidence of both eyes can be sequential. Vision is progressively reduced, and sometimes fixed black spots can be seen on a bright background. Due to the change of refractive power in different parts of the crystal, there may be multiple visions, single eye double vision, and increased myopia. Clinically, senile cataract is divided into three types: cortical, nuclear and subcapsular.

1. Cortical cataract is characterized by crystal cortical ash white turbidity. Its development process can be divided into four stages: initial stage, immature stage, mature stage and over-ripe stage.

2, nuclear cataract (nuclear cataract) Crystal opacity from the embryonic nucleus, gradually extended to the adult nucleus, early yellow, with the turbidity increased, the color gradually deepened as deep yellow, dark brown. The density of the nucleus increases and the refractive index increases. Patients often complain that the reduction of myopia or the increase of myopia. The early peripheral cortex is still transparent. Therefore, in the dark, the pupils have enlarged vision, while in strong light, the pupils shrink and the vision decreases. Therefore, generally do not wait for the cortex to completely turbid surgery.

3, posterior subcapsular cataract (posterior subcapsular cataract), because turbidity is located in the visual axis, early impact on vision.

Before cataract surgery, it should be understood whether the vitreous, retina, optic papilla, macular area is normal and choroidal lesions, and there will be a correct estimate of visual recovery after cataract surgery. With the A-type and B-mode ultrasound, you can understand the presence or absence of vitreous lesions, retinal detachment or intraocular mass, as well as the axial position of the axial length and dislocation. Electroretinogram (ERG) is of great value in evaluating retinal function. Patients with monocular cataract are excluded from macular degeneration and visual impairment caused by visual path disorders. Preoperative evoked potential (VEP) can be examined. In addition, visual interferometry can also be used to check the macular function of immature cataracts.

With the improvement of modern microsurgery, it is possible to perform cataract and intraocular lens implantation as an outpatient operation. At present, on the one hand, the astigmatism generated after surgery is controlled as much as possible, and on the other hand, the astigmatism before surgery is corrected during surgery. Use viscoelastic substances as much as possible during surgery to reduce damage to the endothelium and other tissues. The expansion of surgical indications, such as one-eyed, diabetic cataract can be implanted into the artificial lens. The technology of capsule technology, crystal nucleus and cortex treatment has been developed. The design, size and surface treatment of new artificial crystals have developed. Yellow artificial crystals are coming out in an attempt to improve the glare and visual field after general intraocular lens implantation. symptom. With the increasing popularity of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, laser emulsification will also be applied in clinical practice. The research and development of injectable intraocular lens will definitely make cataract surgery a new level.

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