Biochemical pregnancy

Introduction Biochemical pregnancy, that is, no clinical pregnancy, now medically referred to as "subclinical abortion", refers to the combination of spermatozoa, the general sperm egg combined with seven days after the secretion of chorionic gonadotropin, after seven days, with early pregnancy Test strips can be measured, often combined with sperm, secreted, but must be combined into a fertilized egg, the fertilized egg will be returned to the uterus, the biochemical pregnancy is combined, but did not return to the uterus to implant, or It is back, there is no phenomenon that the successful implantation of the bed with menstruation.

Cause

1. The fertilized egg itself is defective (check both chromosomes).

2. Ovarian corpus luteum function is not healthy, progesterone secretion is insufficient, endometrial abnormalities affect the implantation of fertilized eggs (check six hormones).

3. Uterine factors: uterine dysplasia, uterine submucosal fibroids, endometrial polyps, intrauterine adhesions, endometrial tuberculosis, etc. affect fertilized egg implantation (hysteroscopy).

4. Immune factors: In recent years, studies on immune factors suggest that there are two kinds of immune conditions that affect conception.

a. Immune immunity: sperm, seminal plasma or fertilized egg is an antigenic substance. After being absorbed by the vagina and uterus epithelium, the antibody substance is produced by an immune reaction, so that the sperm and the egg cannot be combined or the fertilized egg cannot be implanted.

b. Autoimmunity: It is considered that there is a zona pellucida autoantibody in the serum of an infertile woman, which prevents the sperm from penetrating the egg after reacting with the zona pellucida, thereby preventing fertilization (blood test for immunological antibodies, blocking antibodies).

5. Excessive mental stress, especially due to severe anxiety and lack of psychological stress (relaxation).

an examination

Related inspection

Gynecological ultrasound examination of blood routine

Progesterone (PRGE) and human chorionic gonadotropin (THCG) are both indicators of pregnancy. The results of the examination are significantly reduced, and vaginal bleeding can be diagnosed as spontaneous abortion.

Vaginal cytology: Villus sinus cells are seen in vaginal smears. The incidence of abortion is almost 100%. Therefore, this method can predict the outcome of abortion. Once such cells appear, it is advisable to terminate the pregnancy early.

The characteristics of the syncytial cells on the smear are: cell size varies, cytoplasm is basophilic, contains a different number of deep-stained nuclei, often surrounded by red blood cells and white blood cells.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of biochemical pregnancy:

1, habitual abortion: habitual abortion for spontaneous abortion for more than 3 consecutive times, each abortion often occurs in the same pregnancy month. Chinese medicine is called "slipper". Most of the causes of habitual abortion are luteal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, congenital uterine malformation, uterine dysplasia, intrauterine adhesions, uterine fibroids, chromosomal abnormalities, and autoimmunity.

2, spontaneous abortion: spontaneous abortion (spontaneous abortion) refers to pregnancy before 28 weeks of self-terminate, the clinical abortion occurred before 12 weeks of pregnancy called early abortion, occurred in the 12 weeks the latter is called late abortion. Spontaneous abortion is a common disease in gynecology. If it is not treated in time, it may leave genital inflammation or injury, or it may endanger the health of pregnant women due to major bleeding, and even threaten life. In addition, spontaneous abortion is also easily confused with certain gynecological diseases, and attention should be paid to identification.

3, missed abortion: refers to the embryo death and still stay in the uterine cavity, and the pregnancy products are generally discharged within 1 to 2 months after the symptoms are produced. A person who has not been naturally discharged 2 months after the embryo ceases to develop is called a missed abortion. Pregnant women often have a threatened abortion in early pregnancy, after which the uterus no longer grows up, but gradually shrinks, and is not as soft as normal pregnancy. The pregnancy test changed from positive to negative, and the placenta was mechanically adhered to the uterine wall and was not easily separated. On the other hand, due to insufficient sex hormones, the uterine contractility is reduced, and it is difficult to discharge and the uterine cavity is reserved. After the embryo dies, the placenta dissolves, and the lysozyme is produced into the maternal blood circulation, causing blood coagulation in the microvessels, consuming a large amount of clotting factors, and the longer the period of the uterine cavity is, the greater the possibility of causing coagulation dysfunction. In recent years, B-ultrasound has been widely used in clinical practice. It can be used to detect fetal sac and fetal buds after 6 to 7 weeks of menopause. If you suspect that the embryo has stopped developing, you can use B-ultrasound to make a diagnosis and treatment in time.

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