Ptosis

Introduction The ptosis refers to the insufficiency or loss of the superior levator and smooth muscle, so that the upper sac is partially or completely sag, the lighter covers part of the pupil, and the severe pupil is covered, and congenital can also cause amblyopia. In order to overcome the visual impairment, the two sides of the drooping person, due to the need to look up the object, form a special posture of the head wrinkle.

Cause

Congenital

The vast majority are caused by dysplasia or defect of the diaphragm, or by the levator of the diaphragmatic nerve defect. It is a congenital developmental malformation, mostly bilateral, sometimes unilateral, and can be autosomal dominant or recessive.

2. Acquired

The causes are traumatic, neurogenic, myogenic and mechanical, and those with myogenicity are more common in patients with myasthenia gravis.

3. Caries

Caused by rickets, the double sputum suddenly sag or accompanied by sputum dilated pupils, sometimes compressing the supraorbital nerve can make the sagging suddenly disappear.

an examination

Related inspection

Eyelid examination, flipping, upper eyelid, eyelid muscle force meter

In order to estimate the function of the levator muscle, the position of the upper iliac crest when the eyeball is extremely upward and downward is measured under the premise of offsetting the contraction strength of the frontal muscle. If the difference between the front and the back is less than 4mm, it means that the diaphragmatic function is severely incomplete.

Differential diagnosis

It is differentiated from eyelid damage caused by trauma.

In normal people, the upper margin covers 2 mm of the upper edge of the cornea, and the average width of the split is about 7.5 mm. In order to estimate the function of lifting the diaphragm, the position of the upper eyelid when the eyeball is extremely upward and downward is measured under the premise of offsetting the contraction strength of the frontal muscle. Normal people should be more than 8mm apart. If the difference between the front and the back is less than 4mm, it means that the diaphragmatic function is severely incomplete.

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