Superficial lymphadenopathy

Introduction The lymph node is enlarged due to internal cell proliferation or tumor cell infiltration. Common clinical signs can be found by touching the submandibular, neck, supraclavicular fossa, axilla, and groin, including swelling caused by various infections, connective tissue diseases, and allergies. Clinically, it is often benign, and it can be completely recovered within a certain period of time as the cause is removed. Can occur in any age group, can be seen in a variety of diseases, benign, but also malignant, so it is very important to pay attention to the cause of lymphadenopathy, timely treatment, diagnosis, to avoid mistakes, missed diagnosis.

Cause

(a) infection

1. Acute infection with bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, etc., such as acute cellulitis, upper respiratory tract infection, infectious mononucleosis, ascariasis and so on.

2. Chronic infection with bacteria, fungi, worms, chlamydia, spirulina, filariasis, sexually transmitted lymph node granuloma, syphilis, AIDS, etc.

(two) tumor

1. Malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

2. Leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, plasma cell leukemia, etc.

3. Plasma cell tumor, multiple myeloma, primary macroglobulinemia.

an examination

Related inspection

Bone marrow lymphocyte system lymphocyte toxicity test blood test bone marrow analysis blood routine

Physical examination

At the time of palpation, attention should be paid to the location, number, size, texture, tenderness, mobility, presence or absence of adhesion, local skin redness, ulceration, scarring, etc.

Laboratory inspection

1. Blood: The total number and classification of peripheral blood leukocytes have certain reference value for judging the cause of lymphadenopathy.

2. Bone marrow examination: Morphological examination of bone marrow smear cells is decisive for the diagnosis of leukemia, plasmacytoma, malignant histiocytosis.

3. Serological examination: Heterophilic agglutination test can be performed when suspected of infectious mononucleosis.

Differential diagnosis

Lymphoid hyperplasia: Lymphoid follicles are the lymphoid tissues of the human body. The tonsils, proliferative bodies, etc. of the pharynx are all lymphoid tissues. Under normal circumstances, lymphoid follicles are not obvious, and when the pharynx has chronic inflammation, hyperplasia and hypertrophy, this is what we often say in the lymphatic follicle hyperplasia. Lymphoid follicle hyperplasia is not a disease itself, but a protective response of lymphoid tissue to inflammation. It is a reason for inguinal lymphadenopathy when there is inflammation in the lower limbs.

Lymphatic drainage is poor after surgery: lymphatic drainage disorder after surgery, mostly due to lymphatic dissection. When the swelling is large and small, it is related to the body position. It is more obvious when lying down, and can gradually disappear after getting out of bed.

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