Airway hyperresponsiveness

Introduction The degree to which the airway is narrowed by a certain stimulus. If the stimulus is unresponsive or mild in the normal person, and in some people it causes significant bronchoconstriction, called airway hyperresponsiveness. (Broncho Hyper Reactivity BHR).

Cause

AHR often has a family tendency and is influenced by genetic factors, but the role of external factors is more important. Airway inflammation is currently considered to be one of the most important mechanisms leading to airway hyperresponsiveness. When the airway is affected by allergens or other stimuli, AHR is caused by the involvement of various inflammatory cells, inflammatory mediators and cytokines, damage to the airway epithelium and intraepithelial nerves. It is believed that the autocrine and paracrine secretion of endothelin in airway stromal cells, as well as the interaction of cytokines, especially TNF, with endothelin play an important role in the formation of AHR. In addition, AHR is associated with hypofunction of -adrenergic receptors, increased cholinergic neuronal excitability, and defects in the inhibition of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves. Stimulation of physical and chemical factors such as viral respiratory infections, SO2, cold air, dry air, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions can increase airway reactivity.

an examination

Related inspection

Chest CT chest CT examination

Airway hyperresponsiveness refers to the high sensitivity of the trachea to various stimuli. It is the main feature and diagnostic basis of bronchial asthma and can directly reflect the severity of bronchial asthma. When EOS-based inflammatory cells in the airways increase, airway hyperresponsiveness also occurs, resulting in intermittent reversible airflow limitation.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of airway hyperresponsiveness:

1. Airway narrowing: The narrowing of the airway is caused by lesions in the throat or adjacent organs that narrow the airway and cause breathing difficulties. It is not an independent disease, but a group of syndromes. As the airway narrows, it can cause hypoxia. If the treatment is not timely, it can cause suffocation and endanger the patient's life.

2, airway trap: lowering the pharyngeal muscle tension can cause the upper airway to trap when inhaling.

Airway hyperresponsiveness refers to the high sensitivity of the trachea to various stimuli. It is the main feature and diagnostic basis of bronchial asthma and can directly reflect the severity of bronchial asthma. When EOS-based inflammatory cells in the airways increase, airway hyperresponsiveness also occurs, resulting in intermittent reversible airflow limitation.

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