The skin is prone to bruising after a collision

Introduction Thrombocytopenic purpura (thrombocytopenic purpura) is caused by thrombocytopenia, ecchymosis or visceral bleeding in the skin mucosa, and the skin is prone to bruising after collision.

Cause

(1) Causes of the disease

1. Primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: clinically classified as type 2, acute type associated with viral infections such as rubella, measles, chickenpox, mumps, infectious mononucleosis, and viral hepatitis Wait.

2. Secondary or symptomatic thrombocytopenic purpura:

(1) Hematopoietic diseases such as aplastic anemia, myeloma, leukemia, malignant lymphoma, myelofibrosis, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency, paroxysmal sleep hemoglobinuria, hemolytic anemia, and the like.

(2) Drugs such as chemotherapeutics, antibiotics, quinines, sulfonamides, antipyretic analgesics, phenobarbital, anti-tuberculosis drugs and diuretics.

(3) infections such as sepsis, typhoid, typhus, tuberculosis, scarlet fever, etc.

(4) Others such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple hemolysis reactions, hemangioma, hypersplenism, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and cardiopulmonary bypass.

(two) pathogenesis

Primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, acute type may be caused by cross-reactivity of antiviral antibodies with platelet membrane or adhesion of immune complexes to platelets. Chronic forms are associated with their own production of anti-platelet antibodies. Secondary or symptomatic thrombocytopenic purpura is a series of reactions caused by hematopoietic diseases, drugs, infections, other hemolytic reactions such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple repeated transfusions, and hemangioma.

an examination

Related inspection

Platelet-associated immunoglobulin (PAIgG, PAIgA, PAIgM) white blood cell differential count

1. Acute type: more common in infants and young children, more than a history of viral infection, incubation period of 2 to 21 days. Sudden onset, there may be chills, fever, skin and mucous membranes appear a wide range of sputum, ecchymosis, enlarge into large pieces, and even form blood blister, hematoma, especially in the collision site. Visceral involvement, nosebleeds, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract bleeding. Intracranial hemorrhage is rare. But it is more dangerous. The general course of disease is 4 to 6 weeks, most of which are self-limiting and have a good prognosis. Some cases turned chronic after repeated episodes.

2. Chronic type: mainly seen in adult women, with slow onset and relatively mild symptoms. Menorrhagia is often the first symptom and main performance. The skin and mucous membranes are scattered in the sputum and ecchymoses, and blood blister and hematoma are rare. Can involve any organ of the internal organs. Sometimes it can be seen that there is more bleeding in the wound after trauma or minor surgery. Repeated massive bleeding over a long period of time can cause anemia and mild swelling of the spleen. The condition often lasts for more than half a year, repeated episodes, and there may be no symptoms during the intermittent period. According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of the lesions, the characteristics of the experimental examination can be diagnosed.

Differential diagnosis

Upper extremity and facial varices, edema and cyanosis: superior vena cava syndrome, also known as superior vena cava obstruction syndrome, is caused by venous obstruction caused by lesions in or around the superior vena cava, resulting in obstruction of upper vena cava blood flow, resulting in upper limbs and face A syndrome of varicose veins, edema, and bruising.

1. Acute type: more common in infants and young children, more than a history of viral infection, incubation period of 2 to 21 days. Sudden onset, there may be chills, fever, skin and mucous membranes appear a wide range of sputum, ecchymosis, enlarge into large pieces, and even form blood blister, hematoma, especially in the collision site. Visceral involvement, nosebleeds, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract bleeding. Intracranial hemorrhage is rare. But it is more dangerous. The general course of disease is 4 to 6 weeks, most of which are self-limiting and have a good prognosis. Some cases turned chronic after repeated episodes.

2. Chronic type: mainly seen in adult women, with slow onset and relatively mild symptoms. Menorrhagia is often the first symptom and main performance. The skin and mucous membranes are scattered in the sputum and ecchymoses, and blood blister and hematoma are rare. Can involve any organ of the internal organs. Sometimes it can be seen that there is more bleeding in the wound after trauma or minor surgery. Repeated massive bleeding over a long period of time can cause anemia and mild swelling of the spleen. The condition often lasts for more than half a year, repeated episodes, and there may be no symptoms during the intermittent period. According to the clinical manifestations, the characteristics of the lesions, the characteristics of the experimental examination can be diagnosed.

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