Urinary phosphorus

Introduction The total amount of phosphorus in adults is 400-800g, accounting for about 1% of adult body weight, accounting for 1/4 of total minerals in the body. Among them, 80% to 85% together with calcium constitute a bone salt (hydroxyapatite [Ca2(PO4)2]3·Ca(OH)2) participates in the formation of bones and teeth. The remaining 20% is distributed in various soft tissues in the form of organophosphate compounds. Various biologically active substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides, and phospholipids, which are composed of phosphoric acid, have a wide range of functions in the body. Only a small fraction of the phosphorus is present in the body fluid as an inorganic phosphate. The human body consumes 1.0 to 1.5 g of phosphorus per day, and the phosphorus that can be absorbed by the human body is an organic phosphate compound such as a phosphate ester or a phospholipid. Phosphorus is excreted by the intestines and kidneys, and the amount of renal excretion accounts for about 60% of the total excretion.

Cause

Normal urine phosphorus: Adult: 0.5 ~ 1.3g / 24h. Exceeding this range will cause related diseases.

1. Pathological increase: seen in hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, metabolic acidosis, diabetes and so on.

2. Pathological reduction: seen in hypothyroidism, renal insufficiency and acidosis, rickets, acromegaly, steatorrhea and so on.

an examination

Related inspection

Urinary phosphorus urine routine

(1) Increased urinary phosphorus excretion: seen in hyperthyroidism, Fang syndrome, metabolic alkalosis, etc.

(2) reduction of urinary phosphorus excretion: seen in hypoparathyroidism, rickets, celiac disease, renal failure, nephritis with acidosis, increased sugar utilization, etc.

Differential diagnosis

1. Hematuria proteinuria: Gross hematuria or microscopic hematuria can be seen in all age groups. It is generally believed that calcium crystallization causes urinary tract injury. This hematuria belongs to normal red blood cell morphology hematuria (ie, non-glomerular hematuria). And hematuria is the most common manifestation of pediatric IH, hematuria can be transient, but also persistent. Proteinuria is generally light, moderate, and has a small molecular weight. The main components are -microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, -microglobulin, and the like.

2. Urinary tract stones: Adult IH showed urinary stones significantly higher than children, there are reports of adult urolithiasis with IH up to 40% to 60%, and only 2% to 5% of children's urinary stones are caused by IH. Such stones are mostly formed by calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. Those with early age and non-IH may develop obstructive nephropathy if not treated in time.

3. Other manifestations: Renal diabetes, amino aciduria, uric acid and other proximal renal tubular dysfunction can also occur.

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