Vagus nerve excitation

Introduction The vagus nerve is the 10th pair of cranial nerves. It is the longest and most widely distributed pair of cranial nerves, containing sensory, motor and parasympathetic nerve fibers. The vagus nerve dominates breathing and digests most of the organs of the two systems, such as the heart's sensory, motor, and glandular secretion. Therefore, vagus nerve excitability can lead to pale, cold sweat, vomiting, pulse slowness (<60/min), even arrhythmia, fainting, convulsions, blood pressure below 10.7kPa (80mmHg), cardiac arrest.

Cause

Neuroregulation of islets:

Islet is governed by the vagus nerve and sympathetic nerves. It stimulates the nerves and can directly promote the secretion of insulin through acetylcholine acting on the M receptor. The vagus nerve can also promote the secretion of insulin by stimulating the release of gastrointestinal hormones. When sympathetic nerves are excited, insulin secretion is inhibited by norepinephrine acting on the 2 receptor. When you are angry, your sympathetic nerves are excited, your heart is short of breath, your body is shaking, your body is irritated, your vagus nerve is reflexive, your body is weak, and you are hungry. This is caused by excessive insulin secretion from the islets.

All kinds of stimuli are reflected by the vagus nerve, causing a sudden expansion of the visceral blood vessels and an acceleration of the heartbeat, which in turn causes a decrease in blood pressure, hypoxia in the brain, and even a short coma.

A vagal disorder is usually caused by sultry heat and can also occur when fatigue is excessive. At the same time, stress, extreme excitement and anxiety are also the cause of fainting. The disease is onset quickly, but most people can be completely cured.

Vagus nerve injury can be manifested as headache, dizziness, enlarged eye cracks, blurred vision, dilated pupils, rapid heartbeat and even arrhythmia, cold and cold limbs, dyspnea and other sympathetic nerves, dizziness, drooping eyelids, Symptoms of sympathetic inhibition (ie, vagus nerve excitation) such as tears, nasal congestion, and bradycardia.

an examination

Related inspection

Blood routine glucagon

It is characterized by headache, dizziness, enlarged eye cracks, blurred vision, enlarged pupils, rapid heartbeat and even arrhythmia, cold and cold limbs, dyspnea and other sympathetic excitement or dizziness, drooping eyelids, tears, stuffy nose, Bradycardia and so on. Can be diagnosed according to the above clinical manifestations.

The vagus nerve (n. vagus) is a mixed nerve containing four fiber components. Special visceral motor fibers originate from the nucleus of the medulla oblongata, which governs the striated muscles of the pharynx and throat. Generally, visceral motor fibers originate from the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve of the medulla, and the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers emitted by the nucleus are distributed in the parasympathetic ganglia in or near the organ, and the parasympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers are distributed to the chest and abdominal cavity. Organs that control the activity of smooth muscle, heart muscle and glands. Generally, the cell body of the visceral sensory fiber is located in the inferior ganglion below the jugular foramen, wherein the central process terminates in the solitary tract nucleus, and the peripheral processes are also distributed in the organs of the chest and abdominal cavity. Generally, the number of somatosensory fibers is the smallest, and the cell body is located in the upper ganglion of the jugular foramen. The central end of the nucleus is located in the nucleus of the trigeminal nucleus, and the peripheral processes are distributed in the dura mater and the skin of the auricle and the external auditory canal.

The vagus nerve is the nerve with the longest stroke and the widest distribution in the cranial nerve. It enters the brain from the medullary olive below the lingual nerve root filament and exits the cranial cavity through the jugular vein. Then, it descends to the back of the neck, between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein, and enters the thoracic cavity through the thoracic upper mouth. In the chest, the left and right vagus nerves travel in different positions and positions. The left vagus nerve descends to the front of the aortic arch between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. After the left lung root, several small branches are added to the left lung plexus, and then scattered into the fine branch in front of the esophagus to form the esophagus. The anterior plexus, and continues downward into the vagus nerve. The right vagus nerve descends to the right side of the right subclavian artery, descends along the right side of the trachea, and then branches several branches behind the right lung root to participate in the right pulmonary plexus, and then branches out to form the posterior esophageal plexus behind the esophagus. After the vagus nerve is synthesized at the lower end of the esophagus dry. Before and after the vagus nerve, the esophageal hiatus that penetrated the esophagus and the esophagus entered the abdominal cavity, and was near the cardia. The front and the back were divided into the final branches. The branch of the vagus nerve is as follows.

Differential diagnosis

Clinical manifestations of functional hypoglycemia:

Idiopathic functional hypoglycemia is mainly seen in people with emotional instability, and middle-aged women are more common. Mental stimulation, anxiety, and fear are often induced.

The cause of idiopathic functional hypoglycemia is unknown. It is generally believed that due to autonomic dysfunction or imbalance, neurohumoral fluid is not stable in regulating insulin secretion and/or glucose metabolism, or is caused by accelerated gastric emptying and excessive insulin secretion due to increased vagal tone.

When the vagus nerve is over-excited, it can increase the postprandial blood glucose, thereby causing excessive insulin secretion and hypoglycemia.

If functional hypoglycemia can be excluded, it is mostly a symptom of autonomic dysfunction.

It is characterized by headache, dizziness, enlarged eye cracks, blurred vision, enlarged pupils, rapid heartbeat and even arrhythmia, cold and cold limbs, dyspnea and other sympathetic excitement or dizziness, drooping eyelids, tears, stuffy nose, Bradycardia and so on. Can be diagnosed according to the above clinical manifestations.

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