Masticatory muscle spasm

Introduction Chewing muscle tendon is one of the early symptoms of Clostridium tetani infection. Clostridium tetani is a pathogen that guides tetanus. It is abundant in the intestines of humans and animals. It is contaminated by feces and caused by wound infection. disease.

Cause

When the tetanus toxin is locally produced, the whole body striated tendon is caused. After local production, the toxin is absorbed through the motor endplate, along the nerve fiber gap to the anterior horn of the spinal cord, and reaches the brain stem. It can also be absorbed by the lymph and reaches the central nervous system through the bloodstream. The toxin binds to the ganglionin in the nervous tissue, blocks the inhibitory synaptic terminals of the spinal cord, prevents the release of the impulse-inducing mediators glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid, thereby disrupting the normal inhibitory impulse between the upper and lower neuron. Delivery, leading to super-reflective reactions (excessive excitability) and striated tendon.

an examination

Related inspection

Nervous system examination of hypoglossal nerve

The incubation period of tetanus is uncertain, short one to two days, and long for two months, with an average of 7 to 14 days. The shorter the incubation period, the higher the mortality rate. In the early stage of the disease, there are prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, discomfort, muscle soreness, local muscle twitching, difficulty in opening the mouth, chewing muscle spasm, and the patient's teeth are closed, showing a bitter smile. Then the neck, trunk and limbs muscles contracted tonic, the body was angulated, the facial purple forceps, difficulty breathing, and finally died of suffocation. The mortality rate is about 50%, especially for newborns and the elderly.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of masticatory tendon:

Facial muscle twitching: facial muscle twitching, also known as hemifacial spasm, the common clinical manifestation of the primary facial muscle twitching patients mostly after the onset of middle-aged, more women. When the disease starts, it is mostly intermittent twitching of the orbicularis muscle, which gradually spreads slowly to other facial muscles on one side of the face. The twitching of the horn muscles is most noticeable, and in severe cases, the platysma can be involved in the same side. The degree of convulsions varies, and can be exacerbated by fatigue, mental stress, and autonomous movement, but cannot be imitated or controlled by oneself.

The incubation period of tetanus is uncertain, short one to two days, and long for two months, with an average of 7 to 14 days. The shorter the incubation period, the higher the mortality rate. In the early stage of the disease, there are prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, discomfort, muscle soreness, local muscle twitching, difficulty in opening the mouth, chewing muscle spasm, and the patient's teeth are closed, showing a bitter smile. Then the neck, trunk and limbs muscles contracted tonic, the body was angulated, the facial purple forceps, difficulty breathing, and finally died of suffocation. The mortality rate is about 50%, especially for newborns and the elderly.

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